Polyol transport

Joost H-G, Thorens B (2001) The extended GLUT-family of sugar/polyol transport facilitators - nomenclature, sequence characteristics, and potential function of its novel members. Mol MembrBiol 18 247-256... 

Joost, H. G., et al. Nomenclature of the GLUT/SLC2A family of sugar/ polyol transport facilitators. Am. J. Physiol. 2002, 282, E974-E976. 

Uldry, M. and Thorens, B. The SLC2 family of facilitated hexose and polyol transporters. Eur. J. Physiol. 447 480-489,... 

Uldry M, Thorens B (2004) The SLC2 family of facilitated hex-ose and polyol transporters. Pflugers Arch 447(5) 480-489 Verrey F, Closs El, Wagner CA et al. (2003) CATs and HATs the SLC7 family of amino acid transporters. Pflugers Arch Jun 11 [Epub ahead of print]... 

Phosphorus-Containing Diols and Polyols. The commercial development of several phosphoms-contaiuing diols occurred in response to the need to flame retard rigid urethane foam insulation used in transportation and constmction. There are a large number of references to phosphoms polyols (111) but only a few of these have been used commercially. 

In more recent years, molded flexible foam products are becoming more popular. The bulk of the molded flexible urethane foam is employed in the transportation industry, where it is highly suitable for the manufacture of seat cushions, back cushions, and bucket-seat padding. TDI prepolymers were used in flexible foam mol ding ia conjunction with polyether polyols. The introduction of organotin catalysts and efficient siHcone surfactants faciHtates one-shot foam mol ding, which is the most economical production method. 

R-401B (22/152a/124) MP66 AlliedSignal DuPont CFC-12 R-500 Blend (moderate glide) Alkylbenzene or polyol ester Alkylbenzene or polyol ester or in some cases mineral oiF Transport Refrigeration retrofits Retrofits including air conditioners dehumidifiers Close to CFC-12. Use where evap. temperature below -10 F. 

The presence of particles in the brains of experimental rats and humans exposed to asbestos has been reported (Pontefiart and Cunningham, 1973 Auerbach et al., 1980). In experimental studies, particles of Teflon, a reflux paste, enter the brain via intravascular transport when injected into the bladder (Aaronson et al., 1993). Encephalitic reactions to accumulated calcium oxalate crystals in the brain as a result of infusions of glucose surrogate polyol solutions have been described (PciflPcr etal., 1984). Such studies indicate the capacity of particulates to enter the brain and thus pose a potential pathological threat to the functioning of the central nervous system (CNS). 

It has long been recognized that boron is required by higher plants [61, 62], and recent research indicates the involvement of boron in three main aspects of plant physiology cell wall structure, membrane function, and reproduction. In vascular plants, boron in solution moves in the transpiration stream from the roots and accumulates in the stems and leaves. Once in the leaves, the translocation of boron is limited and requires a phloem transport mechanism. The nature of this mechanism was only recently elucidated with the isolation of a number of borate polyol compounds from various plants [63-65]. These include sorbitol-borate ester complexes isolated from the floral nectar of peaches and mannitol-borate ester complexes from the phloem sap of celery. The implication is that the movement of boron in plants depends on borate-polyol ester formation with the particular sugar polyol compounds used as transport molecules in specific plants. 

Most sugars are rapidly phosphorylated following their entry into cells. They are thereby trapped within the cells, because organic phosphates cannot freely cross membranes without specific transporters. An alternate mechanism for metabolizing a monosaccharide is to convert it to a polyol by the reduction of an aldehyde group, thereby producing an additional hydroxyl group. 

Amongst the cyclic polyols, inositols are most widely distributed in the plant kingdom.234 Out of nine stereoisomers, myo-inositol has the most widespread metabolic significance.235 The derivatives of myoinositol are also widespread. In plants, myo-inositol plays an important role in the biosynthesis of hemicelluloses and oligosaccharides it also occurs as a storage product (phytic acid), a coenzyme for sugar-transport, a precursor of phosphoinositides, and esters of in-doleacetic acid.47,113,238... 

Details of the intracellular speciation of Si and the mechanisms of its intracellular transport prior to condensation remain uncertain in all of the biological systems studied. Several possible alternatives have been suggested, including association with an intracellular carrier or ionophore17, covalent complex formation by condensation with alcohols, polyols or... 

Tomlinson DR, Robinson JP, Compton AM, Keen P. Essential fatty acids treatment—effects on nerve conduction, polyol pathway and axonal transport in streptozotocin diabetic rats. Diabetologia 1989 32 655-659. 

Generally, these residues from DMT fabrication are difficult to transport and are used on-site to be transformed into aromatic polyester polyols by transglycolysis [4]. Excellent rigid polyester polyols are obtained from pure DMT (reaction 16.1). 

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