Polymorphisms types

Budowle B and Baechtel FS (1990) Modifications to improve the effectiveness of restriction fragment length polymorphism typing appMed theories. Electrophoresis 1 181-187. 

Holloway, J. W. Beghe, B. Turner, S. Hinks, L. J. Day, I. N. Howell, W. M. Comparison of three methods for single nucleotide polymorphism typing for DNA bank studies sequence-specific oligonucleotide probe hybridisation, TaqMan liquid phase hybridisation, and microplate array diagonal gel electrophoresis (MADGE). Hum. Mutat. 1999,14(4), 340-347. 

The infrared spectra of the rare earth oxides can be used to distinguish the three polymorphic types. Bato and McDevitt [310] and the present writer [311] have studied the M—O stretching frequencies of the rare earth oxides, and the values are summarized in Table 21. A typical... 

Medintz, I., Wong, W.W., Sensabaugh, G., Mathies, R.A., High speed single nucleotide polymorphism typing of a hereditary haemochromatosis mutation with capillary array electrophoresis microplates. Electrophoresis 2000, 21, 2352-2358. 

Of all the methods available for the physical characterization of solid materials, it is generally agreed that crystallography, microscopy, thermal analysis, solubility studies, vibrational spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance are the most useful for characterization of polymorphs and solvates. However, it cannot be overemphasized that the defining criterion for the existence of polymorphic types must always be a non-equivalence of crystal structures. For compounds of pharmaceutical interest, this ordinarily implies that a non-equivalent X-ray powder diffraction pattern is observed for each suspected polymorphic variation. All other methodologies must be considered as sources of supporting and ancillary information, but cannot be taken as definitive proof for the existence of polymorphism by themselves. 

According to Smith et.al. - triamcinolone diacetate exhibits polymorphism (see also section 2.1). The powder x-ray diffraction pattern of Squibb House Standard 30636-001 (recrystallized from methanol)H with 4.5% total volatile (water, see section 2.8) presented in Table II resembles polymorph II of Smith . According to Smith polymorph type I has been obtained from chloroform, methylene chloride, acetone, acetone/petroleum ether and benzene/petroleum ether. Type II has been obtained from acetone and from acetone/petroleum ether. 

PCR-Gene Single-Strand Conformation Polymorphism Typing (PCR-... 

Polarizing optical microscopy is often the method of first choice. It was with POM that the textures of liquid crystals were observed and the classification of liquid crystals was first made according to these observations. In this field, two books are recommended The Textures of Liquid Crystals by Demus and Richter (1978) and Smectic Liquid Crystals — Textures and Structures by Gray and Goodby (1984). While the latter provides readers with a practical and useful experimental guideline to the textures and classification of smectic liquid crystals of different polymorphic types together with as many as 124 reference photographs of typical textures, the former... 

Velde B (1980) Cell dimension, polymorph type, and infrared spectra of synthetic white micas the importance of ordering. Am Mineral 65 1277-1282... 

Mein CA, Barratt BJ, Dunn MG, et al. Evaluation of single-nucleotide polymorphism typing with invader on PCR amplicons and its automation. Genome Res 2000 10 330-343. 

Beaudet L, Bedard J, Breton B, et al. Homogeneous assays for single-nucleotide polymorphism typing using AlphaScreen. Genome Res 2001 11 600-608. 

Solubility measurements guided the selection of the concentration of the substrate, and bench-gained experience helped determine the ranges for factors to be investigated. In addition to OVI-IPA and polymorph type, yield and optical and chemical purity were included as response variables. 

Liquid-like layers with the molecules upright on the average (fig. 1.1.5(a)) negligible in-plane and interlayer positional correlations. Thus the structure may be described as an orientationally ordered fluid on which is superimposed a onedimensional density wave. A number of polymorphic types of smectic A have been discovered (see 5.6). 

The seeding process is easily scaled. In any case, it is advisable to use the same type of seed, for example, polymorph, type and size of comminution, and type of preparation. In this case, the amount of seed is kept constant. This can be seen from Figure 10.5, showing images of the crop and particle size distributions as the seeding process was scaled up from 1 1 in the lab to the pilot plant and finally to production. The efficiency is constant thus, the amount of seed per kg of product could be kept constant. For each scale, two crops are reproduced shovfing the dispersion in particle size obtained. 

Miyachi H, Ikebukuro K, Yano K, Aburatani H, Karube I. (2004) Single nucleotide polymorphism typing on DNA array with hydrophobic surface fabricated by plasma-polymerization technique. Biosensors Bioelectr 20 184-189. 

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