Polymers with grafted chains

Kato, K., Uchida, E., Kang, E. T, Uyama, Y. and Ikada, Y. (2003) Polymer surface with graft chains. Prog, Polym. Sci., 28, 209-259. 

Y.Y. Durmaz, G. Yimaz, and Y. Yagci, Polymers with side chain A-alkoxy pyridinium ions as precursors for photoinduced grafting and modification processes. Macromol. Chem. Phys. 2007, 208(16), 1737-1743. 

MMA, and St from magnetite nanoparticles functionalized with an organophosphono initiator, was reported by Babu and Dhamodharan [107c]. Mesoporous hybrid materials made of mesoporous silica and a covalently grafted polymer with controlled chain length were successfully synthesized by surface-initiated ATRP of St and MMA [107d]. 

Figure 5. Model of polymer surfaces with grafted chains.

Many other main-chain polyrotaxanes have been reported, and polymers with grafted polyrotaxanes have been also prepared. 

Block copolymer based on PS and either PMAA or PAA (S-block- S-stat-MAA) or S-block-(S-stat-AA) copolymers) that were presented in Section 3.2 have been found to be good reactive intermediates. The acid groups can react with base-functional polymers in order to produce PS blocks with grafted chains on the other block. 

Kato K, Uchida E, Kang E-T, Uyama Y, Ikada Y. Polymer surface with graft chains. Prog Polym Sci 2003 2003 209-259. 

Miscellaneous Polymers With Grafted Peifluorinated Side Chains Following the high solubility of fluorinated poly((meth)acrylates), the grafting of long perfluorinated chains has been applied to a variety of C02-phobic polymers including poly(styrene), poly(para-phenylenes), polysiloxanes, and polyphosphazenes to enhance their solubility in SC-CO2. 

Fig. 1.5. Polymers with non-linear architectures polymer with short-chain and long-chain branches (A), polymer with grafted oligomer side chains (B), star polymer (C), network of cross-linked chains (D)...

The deagglomeration model is well established for the repulsive force demonstrated as pressure P between two surfaces at a distance D, covered by grafted polymers with a chain length 5, the distance between the chains on the particle surface V, the Boltzmann constant kB, and the temperature T. Indeed, this theory can be applied for the deagglomeration and colloidal stability of magnetite particles in polymer solutions [15],... 

The first case concerns particles with polymer chains attached to their surfaces. This can be done using chemically (end-)grafted chains, as is often done in the study of model colloids. Alternatively, a block copolymer can be used, of which one of the blocks (the anchor group) adsorbs strongly to the particles. The polymer chains may vary from short alkane chains to high molecular weight polymers (see also section C2.6.2). The interactions between such... 

However, binding the antioxidant chemically to the elastomer chain by copolymeri2ation or grafting is a better solution to this problem. The addition of /V-(4-ani1ino-pheny1)methacrylamide [22325-96-8] (38) to a polymeri2ation recipe for NBR mbber produces a polymer with a built-in antioxidant resistant to extraction (23). 

A somewhat different approach to the production of thermoplastic polyolefin rubbers has been adopted by Allied Chemical with their ET polymers. With these materials butyl rubber is grafted on to polyethylene chains using a phenolic material such as brominated hydroxymethyl phenol. The initial grades of these polymers, which were introduced commercially towards the end of the 1970s, had polyethylene butyl rubber ratios of 50 50 and 75 25. Both low-density and high-density polyethylene-based varieties were produced. 

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