Polymers organic light-emitting diodes PLED

American Chemical Society), 77 403 Polymer-only treatment, in industrial water treatment, 26 133 Polymer organic light-emitting diodes (PLEDs), 7 540... 

Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (OLED) and Polymer Light-Emitting Diodes (PLED) based on the mechanism foreseen by Marcus have been realized in practice. PLEDs are successively formed from an Al, Mg or Ca cathode, an organic conductive polymer and an ITO (Indium, Tin, Oxide) anode, as schematically illustrated in Fig. 36.31. 

Polyfluorenes have been developed as promising candidates in organic electronics applications such as polymer light-emitting diodes (PLEDs) and polymer transistors. In the early stages of development, the relationships between polymer structure and device performance were investigated. This is still an important... 

Additionally, the film formation properties and outstanding mechanical properties of aramids make these polymers suitable for the production of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), and specifically polymer hght emitting diodes (PLEDs). Despite this, classical condensation polymers are rarely studied for these applications. Moreover, some luminescence materials also show electrochromism (EC), a phenomenon in which materials exhibit a reversible change in optical properties when they are oxidized and reduced. Electrochromic materials are now been exploited in diverse applications such as mirrors, displays, windows, and earth-tone chameleon materials [95]. 

We saw in Chapter 20 that some organic molecules and polymers can be doped to make them either p-type or n-type semiconductors. Therefore, it should be possible to make a p-n junction and, if there is a direct bandgap, it should also be possible to make a small molecule organic light-emitting diode (OLED) and a polymer light-emitting diode (PLED). 

As a class of n-type organic semiconductors, PBI derivatives have received considerable attention for a variety of applications [312, 313], for example, for organic or polymer light-emitting diodes (OLEDs and PLEDs) [314, 315], thin-film organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) [316, 317], solar cells [318, 319], and liquid crystals [320]. They are also interesting candidates for single-molecule device applications, such as sensors [321], molecular wires [322], or transistors [141]. 

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