Polymers nonlinear optics applications

For preparation of dipolar polymers with dielectric properties and nonlinear optical applications, a piperidino-substituted a-cyanocinnamic acid was polycondensed with CDI.[551,tl54]... 

Azo-benzene molecules are widely recognized as attractive candidates for many nonlinear optical applications. A highly deformable distribution of the ic-electron gives rise to very lar molecular optical nonlinearitics, Phdto-isomerization of azo molecules allows linear and nonlinear macroscopic susceptibilities to be easily modified, giving an opportunity to optically control the nonlinear susceptibilities. In this chapter, we will discuss third-order nonlinear optical effects related to photoisornerization of azo-dye polymer optical materials. 

As mentioned in the beginning, the azo-polymers take a special place among prospective materials for nonlinear optical applications. This chapter attempted to summarize research activities aimed at all-optical controlling third-... 

During recent years a number of papers have been presented where dendritic polymers have been designed for special applications. For example, a hyperbranched polyester containing 3,6-di-acceptor-substituted car-bazole chromophores was suggested for use in nonlinear optics applications... 

The functionalized polymers appear to be attractive materials for third order nonlinear optical applications. They are characterized by small propagation losses (wave-guiding devices. Although their nonlinear optical response is lower than that... 

Blanchard PM, Mitchell GR. 1993a. A comparison of photoinduced poling and thermal poling of azo dye doped polymer films for second order nonlinear optical applications. Appl Phys Lett 63(15) 2038 2040. 

The poled polymer approach is state-of-the-art in terms of the application of polymers to electro-optic devices such as modulators and waveguides. Chromophore-bound polymers for second-order nonlinear optical applications with glass transition temperatures greater than 320°C have been reported (5). However, the electro-optic coefficients are modest, typically less than 10 pm/V at 1.3 im. Part of the poling problem is caused by electrical conductivity at high poling temperatures, which reduces the poling field, or worse, sometimes causes dielectric breakdown. 

Also, chiral hehcal polymers are used as membranes, electrodes, and for nonlinear optical applications (13JMC2797). 

The polysilanes represent another class of polymers that has been extensively studied for nonlinear optical applications [62- ]. These polymers have a molecular structure (R,—Si—R2) that is a long catenated a-bonded silicon backbone with two side groups R, and R2, usually carbon based, attached to each Si atom in the backbone chain. They are soluble in most hydrocarbon solvents and thin films of excellent optical quality can be fabricated with conventional spinning and coating techniques. In spite of the o--bonded nature of the backbone, the poly silanes show extensive electronic delocalization, resulting in strong transitions for excitations polarized parallel to the backbone [65]. They are unique in that they are transparent through the visible to the infrared in contrast to the 7r-electron polymers. 

E. M., and Kitipichai, P., Processable cross-linked polymers for nonlinear optical applications. Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 328, 637-642 (1994). 

NEW FERROCENE COMPLEXES AND POLYMERS FOR NONLINEAR OPTICAL APPLICATIONS... 

The topics of the Biennial Symposium included new high performance polymers, polymers for electronic applications, electrically conducting polymers, nonlinear optics, new polymer systems, and polymers derived from biological media. These are the subject areas of this volume of "Contemporary Topics in Polymer Science". The intent of the Symposium was to focus on recent advances in polymeric materials. The technical sessions were complemented by an initial poster session which augmented the various technical sessions. 

Verbicky JW (1988) Polyimides. In Encyclopedia of polymer science and engineering, vol 12. Wiley, New York, pp 364r-383 Verbiest T, Borland DM, Jurich MG, Lee VY, Miller RD, Volksen W (1995) Exceptiomlly thermally stable polyimides for second-order nonlinear optical applications. Science 268 1604 1606... 

C. W. Spangler, P.-K. Liu, and E. G. Nickel, New copolymers for nonlinear optics application which incorporate electroactive subunits with well-defined conjugation lengths, in Frontiers of Polymer Research (P. N. Prasad and J. K. Nigam, eds.). Plenum. New York, 1991, pp. 149-156. 

---