Polymers carbon black pigments

For specialised applications where electrical conductivity is required, such as antistatic flooring or shielding of electromagnetic induction, specific carbon black pigment/filler is used. Copper and nickel metal powders have also been studied (112). A review is available of the electrical properties of polymers filled with different types of conducting particles (416). 

Carbon black pigments found in black polymers represent an almost perfect absorbing material. The work reported here aimed at quantifying how light transmission depended on the level of carbon black that is present in a polymer. 

Croda Polymer Additives IncroMold additives provide internal filler and glass-fiber lubrication and mold release in one case, 0.45% additive in a 30%-glass-fiber, carbon-black-pigmented PP automotive molding reportedly increased output by 20% and eliminated the need for a silicone spray-on mold release [11-24]. 

UV screeners are actually pigments. They render the polymer translucent or opaque and absorb or reflect UV light, thus protecting the polymer. Carbon black... 

Model systems for this study consisted of injection-molded TPO and homo-PP plaques provided by Solvay Engineered Polymers in the dimensions of 100 mm by 150 mm by 3 mm with flat surfaces. Carbon black pigmentation was added for contrast purposes. 

The TEM is one of the most generally useful microscopes many thousands of them ate in daily use throughout the world. They ate appHcable to the study of ultrafine particles (eg, pigments abrasives and carbon blacks) as well as microtomed thin sections of plant and animal tissue, paper, polymers, composites of all kinds, foods, industrial materials, etc. Even metals can be thinned to sections thin enough for detailed examination. 

In this article, we will discuss the use of physical adsorption to determine the total surface areas of finely divided powders or solids, e.g., clay, carbon black, silica, inorganic pigments, polymers, alumina, and so forth. The use of chemisorption is confined to the measurements of metal surface areas of finely divided metals, such as powders, evaporated metal films, and those found in supported metal catalysts. 

As discussed in Chapter 10, a wide variety of additives is used in the polymer industry. Stabilizers, waxes, and processing aids reduce degradation of the polymer during processing and use. Dyes and pigments provide the many hues that we observe in synthetic fabrics and molded articles, such as household containers and toys. Functional additives, such as glass fibers, carbon black, and metakaolins can improve dimensional stability, modulus, conductivity, or electrical resistivity of the polymer. Fillers can reduce the cost of the final part by replacing expensive resins with inexpensive materials such as wood flour and calcium carbonate. The additives chosen will depend on the properties desired. 

Other spherical fillers include carbon black. This has several roles particularly in combination with elastomers, e.g., black pigment, anti-oxidant and UV stabiliser, reinforcing filler, and an electrical conductor when used at 60% concentration. Wood flour is particularly effective in phenol/formaldehyde and melamine or urea/formaldehyde thermoset resins because the phenolic lignin component in the wood reacts with the methylol groups (-CH2OH) in the growing polymer. 

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