Polymerization inhibitors sodium acetate

BUTENO-p-LACTONE (674-82-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 91°F/33°C). Violent reaction with water, oxidizers. Violent polymerization or explosion caused by elevated temperatures, acids, amines, bases, or sodium acetate. Incompatible with alcohols, halons. A storage hazard can decompose causing explosion add inhibitor. 

The effect of chloride ions on the rate of polymerization of acrylic acid needs further elucidation. Thus Katchalsky and Blauer [38] showed that chloride ions were strong inhibitors of the polymerization of methacrylic acid at a pH below 2.5, an effect not found with sulfate or nitrate ions. Yet their work was carried out in a buffer system consisting of sodium acetate and hydrochloric acid. A more recent patent, on the other hand, claims that the rate of polymerization of acrylic acid in the presence of potassium persulfate, 2-mercaptoethanol, the tetrasodium salt of EDTA, and a sulfonated castor oil was significantly increased when l-897o of an alkali metal chloride was present [40]. 

Chemical Reactivity - Reactivity with Water Forms lead dioxide and acetic acid in a reaction that is not violent Reactivity with Common Materials May corrode metals when moist Stability During Transport Stable Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics Dilute with water, rinse with dilute sodium bicarbonate or lime solution Polymerization Not pertinent Inhibitor of Polymerization Not pertinent. 

Chemical Reactivi - Reactivity with Water Sodium reacts violently with water, forming flammable hydrogen gas, and caustic soda solution. Fire often acconq)anies the reaction Reactivity with Common Materials No reactions Stability During Transport Stable Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics After the reaction with water, the caustic soda formed as a by-produa can be diluted with water and then neutralized with acetic acid Polymerization Not pertinent Inhibitor ofPolymerization Not pertinent. 

It is well known that a variety of contaminants, such as sodium salts, water, and amines, can drastically decrease the stability of MA at elevated temperatures.In fact, tertiary amines and MA form explosive mixtures.Carbon dioxide is evolved when MA is treated with catalytic amounts of tertiary amines, giving a dark-colored polymeric material soluble in polar solvents.Homopolymerization of MA, with catalysts such as triethylamine and pyridine,occurs with decarboxylation and formation of dark-colored products, claimed to be an acrylic acid polymer, poly(maleic anhydride),or mixtures of the two materials. The polymerizations have been studied in tetrahydrofuran, chloroform, toluene, and pyridine at various temperatures. Reactions with catalytic amounts of pure pyridine proceeded very slowly, with formation of oligomeric and polymeric materials. Small amounts of water, maleic acid, acetic acid, and pyridinium salts aided the polymerization reaction. Radical inhibitors, such as sulfur, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, and anthracene had no influence on reaction rates. 

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