Polymeric nanoparticles encapsulation

Bisht S, Mizuma M, Feldmann G, Ottenhof NA, Hong S-M, Pramanik D et al. Systemic administration of polymeric nanoparticle-encapsulated curcumin (NanoCurc) blocks tumor growth and metastases in preclinical models of pancreatic cancer. Mol Cancer Then 2010 9(8) 2255-2264. 

Ishihara T, Kubota T, Choi T, Takahashi M, Ayano E, Kanazawa H, et al. Polymeric nanoparticles encapsulating betamethasone phosphate with different release profiles and stealthiness. Int J Pharm 2009 375(1—2) 148—54. 

S. Bisht, G. Feldmann, S. Soni, Polymeric nanoparticle encapsulated curcumin A novel strategy for human cancer therapy, /. Nanobiotech., 5 3-9,2007. 

Fig. 30 Types of nanocarriers for drug delivery, (a) Polymeric nanoparticles polymeric nanoparticles in which drugs are conjugated to or encapsulated in polymers, (b) Polymeric micelles amphiphilic block copolymers that form nanosized core-shell structures in aqueous solution. The hydrophobic core region serves as a reservoir for hydrophobic drugs, whereas hydrophilic shell region stabilizes the hydrophobic core and renders the polymer water-soluble.

V. Kousaev, S. Sosnowski, S. Slomkowski, and G. Golomb. 2000. Sustained delivery and expression of DNA encapsulated in polymeric nanoparticles. Gene Ther. 7 1896-1905. 

Gomez-Graete C, Tsapis N, Besnard M, Bochot A, Fattal E et al. (2007) Encapsulation of dexamethasone into biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles. Lnt. J. Pharm. 331 153-159. 

In addition to molecularly distributed compounds, the material can also be encapsulated as aggregate, crystal, etc., as is the case for the encapsulation of pigments and, for thermally labile azo-components, photoinitiators, and highly fluorescent quantum dots in polymeric nanoparticles by using the miniemulsion process. 

In Chapter 1, Landfester and Weiss outline details of miniemulsion polymerization for the encapsulation of a range of materials such as dyes, pigments, fragrances, photo-initiators, drugs, nanoparticles and biomolecules (DNA) in polymeric nanoparticles. The preparation of nanoparticles with new properties is also presented. 

The encapsulation of pigment and filler particles is an important area of research, both in the academic world and in industrial laboratories. At present, emphasis is given to the incorporation of clay in polymeric materials, including polymeric nanoparticles. Such systems are expected to exhibit properties other than the sum of the properties of the individual components. In general, several benefits from this encapsulation step can be expected when the obtained particles will be applied in a polymeric matrix (e.g., plastics or emulsion paints) as compared to physical blends ... 

Other carbon-based, hydrophobic materials used for the encapsulation in polymeric nanoparticles are nanodiamond (unpublished results from our laboratory) and single walled carbon nanotubes (Fig. 21). 

Here we have reviewed our recent studies on metallic nanoparticles encapsulated in spherical polyelectrolyte brushes and thermosensitive core-shell microgels, respectively. Both polymeric particles present excellent carrier systems for applications in catalysis. The composite systems of metallic nanoparticles and polymeric carrier particles allow us to do green chemistry and conduct chemical reactions in a very efficient way. Moreover, in the case of using microgels as the carrier system, the reactivity of composite particles can be adjusted by the volume transition within the thermosensitive networks. Hence, the present chapter gives clear indications on how carrier systems for metallic nanoparticles should be designed to adjust their catalytic activity. 

---