Polymerase chain reaction micro chip-based

The so-called micro-total analytical systems (/tTAS) can integrate sample handling, separation, and detection on a single chip [9]. Postcapillary reaction detectors can be incorporated as well [10]. Fluorescence detection is the most common method employed for these chip-based systems. A commercial instrument (Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer) is available for DNA and RNA separations on disposable chips using a diode laser for LIF detection. In research laboratories, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been integrated into a chip that provides size separation and LIF detection [11]. 

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