Polyfluorenes applications

J. Rault-Berthelot, Polyfluorenes, a family of versatile conjugated polymers. Anodic synthesis, physicochemical properties, electrochemical behaviour and application fields, Recent Res. Dev. Macromol. Res., 3 425-437, 1998. 

I.S. Millard, High-efficiency polyfluorene polymers suitable for RGB applications, Synth. Met., 111-112 119-123, 2000. 

A. Charas, J. Morgado, J.M.G. Martinho, A. Fedorov, L. Alcacer, and F. Cacialli, Excitation energy transfer and spatial exciton confinement in polyfluorene blends for application in light-emitting diodes, J. Mater. Chem., 12 3523-3527, 2002. 

Most research effort, therefore, concentrated on those polymers where it is possible to control morphology, to obtain chemically pure materials and to manipulate them to provide forms, e.g. chain oriented samples and thin films, suitable for basic research and applications. The development of synthetic routes that provide clean, reproducible samples has been critical in the progress achieved in understanding the physics of conjugated polymers. This in turn underpinned the rapid development of technological applications, which appeared on a much shorter timescale than for other, comparable technologies. The level of scientific and technical interest in polymers, such as PAc, PAni, PPy, PThs, PPVs and polyfluorenes, has resulted in the commercial production of them and their precursors. 

In this review, the synthesis, properties, and applications in optoelectronic fields of polyfluorenes with on-chain metal centers have been briefly summarized. Metal complexes involving iridium(III), platinum(II), europium(III), rhenium(I), and ruthenium(II) complex coupled with polyfluorene are surveyed. Efficient energy transfer from polymer main-chain to metal-centers can occur in these host-guest systems. These kinds of novel polymers are usually applied in the fields of phosphorescent OLEDs, memory devices, and sensors. In particular, the realization of efficient energy transfer and phosphorescence offers a huge potential for future optoelectronic devices based on these kinds of materials. 

With this collection of short review papers we would like to present a broad overview of research on polyfluorenes and related heteroanalogues over the last two decades. The collection begins with papers on the synthesis of polyfluorenes and related polyheteroarenes, then reports photophysical properties of this class of conjugated polymers both at the ensemble and the single chain level, continues with a discussion of the rich solid state structures of polyfluorenes, and finally switches to device applications (e.g. in OLEDs). In addition, two chapters are devoted to defined oligofluorenes as low molecular weight model systems for polyfluorenes and also to degradation studies. 

Kuo CC, Wang CT, Chen WC (2008) Highly-aligned electrospun luminescent nanofibers prepared from polyfluorene/PMMA blends fabrication, morphology, photophysical properties and sensory applications. Macromol Mater Eng 293( 12) 999—1008... 

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