Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. See

There is no medical test that shows if you have been exposed to fuel oils. There are methods to determine if your blood contains some fuel oil components such as benzene, toluene, and xylenes however, the concentrations of these compoimds in distilled fuels are so low that if they were detected in your blood, it might not indicate specific or exclusive exposure to fuel oils. For information on tests for measuring exposure to some individual components of fuel oils, see the ATSDR toxicological profiles on benzene, toluene, total xylenes, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. See Chapters 2 and 6 for information on symptoms that suggest exposure to fuel oils. 

As seen in Chapter 9.C.2, a very wide variety of organics are found in particles in ambient air and in laboratory model systems. The most common means of identification and measurement of these species is mass spectrometiy (MS), combined with either thermal separation or solvent extraction and gas chromatographic separation combined with mass spectrometry and/or flame ionization detection. For larger, low-volatility organics, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is used, combined with various detectors such as absorption, fluorescence, and mass spectrometry. For applications of HPLC to the separation, detection, and measurement of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, see Wingen et al. (1998) and references therein. 

Reaction of succinic anhydride with benzene in the presence of anhydrous aluminium chloride (slightly over two equivalents see above) yields 3-benzoylpropanoic acid. This may be reduced by the Clemmensen method in the presence of a solvent (toluene) immiscible with the hydrochloric acid to 4-phenylbutanoic acid. Cyclisation to a-tetralone (Expt 6.123) is then effected smoothly by treatment with hot polyphosphoric acid. This reaction sequence represents the first stages in the Haworth procedure for the synthesis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (see Section 6.1.4, p. 839). 

At low temperatures, in situations where there is relatively little 02, pyrolysis reactions (i.e. reactions where decomposition takes place as a result of heat) may cause a rearrangement of atoms that can lead to the formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (see Section 2.7) during combustion. The most notorious of these is benzo[ ]pyrene (B[ ]P see Fig. 2.4), a cancer-inducing compound. 

R. H. Rohrbaugh and P. C.. lurs. Anal. Chem., 59, 1048 (1987). Molecular Shape and the Prediction of High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Retention Indexes of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. See also, P. C. Jurs, in Reviews in Computational Chemistry, K. B. l.ip-kowitz and D. B. Boyd, Eds., VCH Publishers, New York, 1990, pp. 169-212. Chemomctrics and. Multivariate Analysis in Analytical Chemistry. 

Arenes - Monocyclic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. See aromatic compounds. [5]... 

Several companies are developing the manufacture and use of dimethyl ether, CH3OCH3, as an efficient and clean alternative to diesel fuel [Chemical and Engineering News, 1995 (May 29), 37-39]. Much of this interest in dimethyl ether and other related compounds is focused on minimizing C—C bonds in fuels in order to limit formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons see A Word About... Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Cancer on page 136. Show how dimethyl ether could be synthesized from methanol. 

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