Poly-thiophene derivatives

Another type of noncovalent interaction, namely electrostatic ones, has recently been exploited by Wang et al. in the fabrication of a hybrid film containing a water-soluble poly(thiophene) derivative and CdSe NCs.141 In this case CdSe NCs were functionalized with 11-mercaptoundecanonic acid (MUA) molecules prior to their self-assembly with side chain-functionalized poly(thiophene), that is, poly(3-(3 -thienyloxy)propyltrimethylammonium bromide) (P3TOPA). 

Scheme 4 Preparation of a regio-random poly(thiophene) derivative by a palladium-catalysed polycondensation.

Ahn T, Lee H, Han S-H (2002) Effect of annealing of poly thiophene derivative for polymer hght-emitting diodes. Appl Phys Lett 80 392... 

For the electrosynthesis of PEDOT and PPy, water was the preferred electrolyte solvent. Although some reports suggest that under special experimental conditions the aqueous electropolymerization of poly(thiophene) derivatives is possible, all attempts conducted in this study failed, including deposition at low pH values and using bithiophene which exhibits a lower oxidation potential than thiophene as the monomeric species [43, 44], Typically, boron trifluoride diethyl etherate and (fairly) anhydrous acetonitrile were used instead [34]. Although both solvents were successfully used to prepare poly(thiophene) inverse opals via the templated synthesis using poly(styrene) microsphere arrays, they tended to destroy the styrenic DG-structured scaffold [2 ]. 

A. S. Ribeiro, D. A. Machado, P. F. D. Filho, M. A. De Paoli, Solid-state electrochromic device based on two poly(thiophene) derivatives, Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 2004, 567, 243. 

M. Toba, Y. Takeoka, M. Rikukawa and K. Sanui. Synthesis and optical properties of poly(thiophene) derivatives with benzothiazole moiety. Synth. Met. 152(1-3), 197-200 (2005). 

H. A. Ho, M. Boissinot, M. G. Bergeron, G. Corbeil, K. Dore, D. Boudreau and M. Leclerc, Colorimetric and fluorometric detection of nucleic acids using cationic poly thiophene derivatives, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 41, 1548-1551 (2002). 

Levesque, I. Leclerc, M. lonochromic and thermochromic phenomena in aregioiegular poly thiophene derivative bearing oligo(oxyethylene) side chains. Chem. Mater. 1996,12, 2843-2849. 

DNA-Sensors Using a Water-Soluble, Cationic Poly(thiophene) Derivative... 

Polymers Derived from Precursor Polymers, 01igo(thiophene)s, or Poly(thiophene) Derivatives... 

Fig. 3-34 Standard (a) and differential (b) SPEL plots for poly(trans-TTTE), a poly(thiophene) derivative. Reproduced with permission from ref. [37].

Fig. S-15 Pd catalyzed syntheses of Poly(thiophene) derivatives. After Bao and Yu...

Building on earlier work by Ferraris and Lambert [623, 624] and Gunatunga et al. [625] found that an electropolymerized poly(thiophene) derivative possessed a bandgap below 1 eV, Beyer et al. [626] electropolymerized a similar CP and confirmed that it also possessed a low bandgap, although not lower than 1 eV. In... 

Wrobleski et al. and Thompson et al. [617, 942] studied a variety of CPs, including P(ANi) and poly(thiophene) derivatives (see below), for corrosion protection of steels in marine environments. An immediate need they sought to fulfill was protection in the space launch environment, which included HCl fumes, elevated temperatures, and salty air. The Zn chromate coatings in use for the purpose were frequently leached out by the HCl vapors. These workers synthesized P(ANi) chemically using persulfate oxidation, converted it into the soluble (reduced), emeraldine base form, and formed a solution in NMP. The solution was then applied by dip- and spraycoating methods, with the coatings then re-doped chemically by immersion in... 

C. Wang, J. L. Schindler, C. R. Kannewurf, and M. G. Kanatzidis. 1995. Poly(3,4-ethylene-dithiathiophene) Anew soluble conductive poly thiophene derivative. Chem Mater 7 58-68. 

RiBEiRO, A.S., MACHADO, D.A., EiLHO, P.F.D., DE PAOLI, M.A., Solid-state electrochro-mic device based on two poly(thiophene) derivatives, J. Electroanal. Chem. 2004, 567, 243-8. 

Smeets et al. developed a similar approach to prepare a diblock copolymer carrying two different poly(thiophene) derivatives, namely 3-alkyl and 3-alkoxy polythiophenes, using a CuAAC reaction as the final coupling reaction between the two different polythiophene blocks [41]. 

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