Poly phosphonation

The exact nature of metal-poly(phosphonic acid) interaction is unknown (Ellis, 1989) although a number of structures can be drawn (Figure 8.3). 

Another interesting application is the analysis of trace amounts of cooling water conditioners. Typically, these products are mixtures of polycarboxylic acids and poly-phosphonic acids that are added to cooling waters as corrosion inhibitors. The appli-... 

Polyamides, such as PA 6, PA 12 or PA 6.6, PET and PEN, can be made flame retardant by the addition of a mixture of melamine cyanurate and an organo poly(phosphonate). The poly(phosphonate) acts in addition as a plasricizer, improving the mechanical properries of the polymer and assisting the dispersion of the melamine cyanurate. 

Professor of Chemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts Polyphosphates Poly(phosphonate)... 

Polymers with phosphate linkages include poly(phosphate)s, poly-(phosphonate)s, and poly(phosphite)s. 

Poly(phosphate) Poly(phosphonate) Poly(phosphite) Figure 6.9 Polymers with Phosphate Linkages... 

Figure 10.1 shows an almost linear trend for the evolution of corrosion as a function of time when the diblock copolymer is used as additive. As expected, virgin poly(VDF) alone is not able to prevent the metal from corrosion as the surface is almost completely corroded after only 48 h. Figure 10.1 also shows a high improvement when poly(VDF) is blended with poly(MMA)-b-poly(phosphonate methacrylate) diblock copolymer additive, although the statistical copolymer seems to afford better adhesion towards the metallic surface and hence better anticorrosion properties. 

Carraher recently reviewed these s3mtheses, emphasizing polymerizations employing the interfacial condensation technique. For the synthesis of poly-phosphonate and polyphosphate esters and amides Carraher, Millich and others have reported that hydrolysis of the acid chloride typically limits the product yield and molecular weight.The synthesis of polyesters ... 

Nishikubo, T, Kaineyama, A. and Minegishi, S. (1994). V novel synthesis of Poly(phosphonate) by the addition reaction of diepoxide with phenvlphosphonic dichloride. Macro molecules, 27, 2641-2642. 

A growing number of applications utilizing post-column derivatization in combination with photometric detection opened the field of polyphosphate, poly-phosphonate, and transition metal analysis for ion chromatography, thus providing a powerful extension to conventional titrimetric and atomic spectrometry methods. 

Deng Yi, Wang Yu-Zhong, Ban Da-Ming, Liu Xiu-Hua, and Zhou Qian. Burning behavior and pyrolysis products of flame-retardant PET containing sulfur-containing aryl poly-phosphonate. J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis. 76 no. 1-2 (2006) 198-202. 

The copolymer with poly(phosphonic) acid in the ester form (structure 5) showed a first degradation step between 250 and 350°C. The magnitude of the step was directly correlated with the phosphonate ester content. This degradation was ascribed to the decomposition of the ester units to form ethylene and phosphonic acid units, possibly followed by a subsequent formation and loss of water, by self-condensation at these high temperatures. A second degradation step was noted between 350 and 400 C, most probably connected with the cleavage of the C-P bond. The copolymers in the acid form showed a small initial weight loss already from 150°C, ascribed to reversible self-condensation and desorption of... 

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