Poly -1,4-phenylene nanofibers

The incorporation of CdTe nanoparticles into poly(phenylene vinylene) precursor/polyvinyl alcohol (PPV/PVA) nanofibers by the electrospinning method was reported by Yan et The photo luminescence measure-... 

Poly[2-methoxy-5-(2 -ethyl-hexyloxy)-l,4-phenylene vinylene] (MEH-PPV) is an excellent conjugated polymer and broadly used in polymer photoelectron devices, but is difficult to electronspin directly. In the work by Zhao et al, core-shell structured nanofibers were fabricated by coaxial electrospinning MEH-PPV (shell) in chlorobenzene and PVP (core) in 1,2-dichloroethane [64]. MEH-PPV was soluble in the above two solvents, which prevented the precipitation of MEH-PPV and enhanced the adhering action between the two polymers in the coaxial electrospinning process. It should be noted that this is an unusual example of core-shell nanofibers where (a nonprocessable) PPV was spun as the shell and not in the core. These uniform core/shell PVP/MEH-PPV nanofibers with a highly fluorescent property can have potential applications in the fabrication of polymer nanophotoelectron devices. 

Y. Xin, Z. H. Huang, E. Y. Yan, W. Zhang, and Q. ao. Controlling poly(p-phenylene vinylene)/poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) composite nanofibers in different morphologies by electro-spinning, App/. Phys. Lett., 89, 053101 (2006). 

Q. Zhao, Y. Xin, Z. Huang, S. Liu, C. Yang, and Y. Li, Using poly[2-methoxy-5-(2 -ethyl-hexyloxy)-l,4-phenylene vinylene] as shell to fabricate the highly fluorescent nanofibers by coaxial electrospinning. Polymer, 48,4311-4315 (2007). 

Wang S, Sun Z, Yan E, Sun L, Huang N, Zang W, Ni L, Wang Q, Gao Y (2014) Spectrum-control of poly(p-phenylene vinylene) nanofibers fabricated by electrospinning with highly photoluminescent ZnS quantum dots. Int J Electrochem Sci 9 549-561... 

Huang, C. B., S. L. Chen, D. H. Reneker, C. L. Lai, and H. Hou (2006b). High-strength mats from electrospun poly(p-phenylene biphenyltetracarboximide) nanofibers. Advanced Materials 18(5) 668-671. 

Liu, W., Z. Wu, and D. H. Reneker (2000). Structure and morphology of poly(meta-phenylene isophthalamide) nanofibers produced by electrospinning. Polymer Preprints 41(2) 1193-1194. 

Yun SH, Woo JJ, Seo SJ, Wu LA, Wu D, Xu TW, Moon SH (2011) Sidfonated poly(2,6-dimethyl-l,4-phenylene oxide) (SPPO) electrolyte membranes reinforced by electrospun nanofiber porous substrates for fuel cells. J Membr Sci 367(1—2) 296-305... 

Seo S-J, Yun S-H, Woo J-J, Park D-W, Kang M-S, Hinsch A, Moon S-H (2011) Preparation and characterization of quasi-soUd-state electrolytes using a brominated poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) electrospun nanofiber mat for dye-sensitized solar cells. Electrochem Common 13(12) 1391-1394. doi 10.1016/j.elecom.2011.08.018... 

Chuangchote S, Sagawa T, Yoshikawa S (2009) Electrospinning of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) effects of solvents on electrospinnability for the fabrication of poly(p-phenylene vinylene) and T102 nanofibers. J Appl Polym Sci 114 2777-2791... 

More than 100 polymers, both synthetic and natural, have been successfully electrospun into nanofibers, mostly from polyma solutions, as any polymer may be electrospun into nanofibers, provided that the polymer molecular weight is sufficiently high and the solvent can be evaporated in the time during the jet transit period, over a distance between the spinneret and the collector. Standard polymers successfully electrospun into nanofibers include polyacrylonitrile (PAN), poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), polystyrene (PS), poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), Nylon 6, PVA, poly(8-caprolactone), Kevlar (poly[p-phenylene terephthalamide]), poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF), polybenzimidazole, polyurethanes (PUs), polycarbonates, polysulfones, poly(vinyl phenol) (PVP), and many others [36,37]. Electrospinning has also been used to produce nanofibers from natural biomacromolecules, including cellulose [either electrospun from cellulose acetate (CA) with subsequent hydrolysis or directly electrospun from cellulose solutions in Af,Af-dimethylacetamide with lithium chloride], collagen and gelatin, modified chitin, chitosan, and DNA. 

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