Poly industrial uses

Dr. Crano received a B.S. degree in Chemistry in 1957 from Notre Dame and M.S. and Ph.D. degrees from Case Western Reserve University in 1959 and 1962, respectively. He joined PPG Industries in 1961, and had spent his entire career with that firm, at first in various roles in the Chemical Research Development area. In 1974 PPG began research upon means to impart photochromic properties to ophthalmic lenses made from plastics, in particular from poly(allyl diglycol carbonate), CR-39 . Plastic lenses command over 85% of the total ophthalmic market in the US, principally because a lightweight plastic product is more comfortable to wear and permits more attractive fashion designs. 

Hsu, C. Y. US Patent 5 104 724 (to Wangner System Corporation), 1992. Hwo, C., Forschner, T., Lowtan, R., Gwyn, D. and Cristea, B., Poly(Tri-methylene Phthalates or Naphthalate) and Copolymers New Opportunities in Eilm, Engineering Thermoplastic and Other Applications, Technical Bulletin SC 2731-98, Shell Chemical Company, Houston, Tx, 1998. Bungo, G. and Akiliaru, M., Jpn Patent JP11 222 780 (to Asalii Chemical Industry Co., Ltd), 1998. 

P. E. Sarkis and D. Delgado. Abrasion-resistant poly tetrafluoroethylene tape. US Patent 7 008 989, assigned to Coltec Industrial Products, Inc. (Charlotte, NC), March 7,2006. 

J. Walker and J.R. Whitton, Extraction of poly(/3-hydroxy butyric acid), US Patent 4 358 583, assigned to Imperial Chemical Industries PEG (London, GB2), November 9,1982. 

Poly (2-hydroxypropyl. Me) ether Hydro-xypropyl methyl cellulose. HPMC. E463. Hypromellose, USAN. Hydroxypropyl-methylcellulose, JAN. Cellulose hydro-xypropyl methyl ether, BAN, INN [9(X)4-65-3] Prepared by etherification of alkaline cellulose with methyl chloride and propylene oxide. Commercial samples have methyl DS values of 1.1-2.0 and hydroxypropyl MS values of 0.1 - 1.0. Thickening and binding agent with widespread industrial uses in adhesives, building products, films, protective creams and colloids. Approved for food use in US and EU. Used in deep fried batters. Shows better water solubility and electrolyte tolerance than methylcellulose. Component of artificial tears. 

Chemical manufacturing and petroleum refining have enriched our lives. Few individuals in the developed world realize how the chemical industry has improved every minute of their day. The benefits of the industries are apparent from the time our cell phone (or our plastic alarm clock) tells us to wake up from a pleasant sleep on our polyester sheets and our polyurethane foam mattresses. As our feet touch the manmade laminate floor (or rtylon carpet), we walk a few steps to turn on a phenolic light switch that allows electrical current to pass safely through poly vittyl chloride insulated wires. At the bathroom sink, we wash our faces in chemically sanitized water using a chemically produced soap. 

Benzyl alcohol is listed in the EC positive list of preservatives for cosmetic products (maximum concentration for application 10.000 mg/litre) as a preservative it may be useful also in pharmaceutical preparations. Percentage of use in US cosmetic formulations 0.32%. The activity of benzyl alcohol is not very much affected by the pH and the composition of the medium to be protected. As an auxiliary solvent with antimicrobial efficacy benzyl alcohol is used in preservative compositions for industrial fluids (Paulus et al., 1970a). A well-known preservative for cosmetics and industrial fluids is benzyl alcohol mono(poly)hemiformal (Paulus, 1976) which is a formaldehyde releasing compound and therefore listed under 3.1.2. 

Since the middle of sixties, when H.R.Allcock first reported the synthesis of poly(organophosphazenes), (POPs) (1-3), the scientific, technological and industrial relevance of these materials has increased tremendously (4-7). During the last decade our interest in this field was mainly focused on the photochemistry and photophysics of POPs, and on their possible practical exploitation in the photochemical field (8,9). A few years ago, however, we became interested also in the functionalization of POPs as obtained by the introduction of suitable chemical functionalities in selected macromolecules. These investigations led us to the synthesis and characterization of water-soluble phosphazenes (10-14), double-bond-containing substrates (15,16), and polymers bearing epoxide moieties (16). 

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