Poly-HEMA acrylate

YNTHETIC HYDROGEL POLYMERS, first introduced in the early 1960s, made a major impact, initially in the soft contact lens field, and more recently in other biomedical or specialty applications. The first synthetic poly(2-hy-droxyethyl methacrylate) [poly(HEMA)] hydrogel developed by Wichterle (i) remains very important, as do its copolymers with monomers such as N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone, acrylic and methacrylic acids, glycerol methacrylate, various acrylamides, and alkoxyalkyl methacrylates. 

Chemical structure of thermo-sensitive polymer poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide-co-hydroxyethyl methacrylate acrylate), or poly(NIPAAm-co-HEMA-acrylate). By the copolymerization of HEMA-acrylate, a hydrophobic monomer, the LCST of the polymer decreases. 

Ag-poly(butyl acrylate-co-styrene) nanocomposites were prepared by Yin et al. [410] where the silver nanoparticles were obtained from a microemulsion. An aqueous solution of AgN03 was added to a mixture of toluene, butylacrylate, styrene, sodium dodecyl sulfate and 2-hydroxy-a-methacrylate (HEMA). A transparent microemulsion formed after addition of Span 80 under stirring. This product was bubbled with N2 and irradiated with to y-ray source for 6h (the irradiation helped both polymerization of monomers and reduction of metal ions). Silver particles, collected after de-emulsification by acetone and water, had an average size of about 8.5 nm. 

Krupers et al. [43] observed that structure defects introduced by non-ionic hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) into poly(acrylic acid) decreased the degree of complexation of carboxylic acid groups with PEO and lowered the effldent packing of PEO on the acrylic acid copolymer chains. When the AA/HEM A ratio of the copolymer exceeded 1 1, no complex formation was detectable. 

NaSS = polyfsodium styrenesulfonate), FVBMA = poly(4-vinylbenzyl-trimethylammonium chloride), PAA = poly(acrylic acid), PEPP = poly(ethylenepiperazine), HEMA = poly(2-hyd-roxyethyl methacrylate)... 

Most research into the study of dispersion polymerization involves common vinyl monomers such as styrene, (meth)acrylates, and their copolymers with stabilizers like polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) [33-40], poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) [18,41],poly(methacrylicacid) [42],or hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) [43,44] in polar media (usually alcohols). However, dispersion polymerization is also used widely to prepare functional microspheres in different media [45, 46]. Some recent examples of these preparations include the (co-)polymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) [47,48],4-vinylpyridine (4VP) [49], glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) [50-53], acrylamide (AAm) [54, 55], chloro-methylstyrene (CMS) [56, 57], vinylpyrrolidone (VPy) [58], Boc-p-amino-styrene (Boc-AMST) [59],andAT-vinylcarbazole (NVC) [60] (Table 1). Dispersion polymerization is usually carried out in organic liquids such as alcohols and cyclohexane, or mixed solvent-nonsolvents such as 2-butanol-toluene, alcohol-toluene, DMF-toluene, DMF-methanol, and ethanol-DMSO. In addition to conventional PVP, PAA, and PHC as dispersant, poly(vinyl methyl ether) (PVME) [54], partially hydrolyzed poly(vinyl alcohol) (hydrolysis=35%) [61], and poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate-fo-butyl methacrylate)... 

Monomer. St, styrene MMA, methyl methacrylate AN, acrylonitrile NIPAAm, /V-isopropylacrylamide MAA, methacryhc acid NDEAMA, 2-diethylaminoethyl methacrylate MBAA, MW -methylene bisa-crylamide TRIM, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate ODVE, octadecylvinyl ether ODA, octadecyl acrylate DMAAm, iV,iV-dimethylacrylamide PyMMA, 1-pyrenylmethyl methacrylate AnMMA, 9-an-thracenylmethyl methacrylate HDT, 1,6-hexane dithiol TEGDVE, triethyleneglycol divinyl ether HEMA, hydroxyethyl methacrylate AAm, acrylamide PEG-DA, poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate PEG-TA, poly(ethylene glycol) tetraacrylate. 

Monomers 4VP, 4-vinylpyridine NIPAAm, jV-isopropylacrylamidc AA, acrylic acid PEGMA, poly (ethylene glycol) methacrylate SPE, MAI-dimethyl-AW2-methacryloyloxycthyl-/V-0-sulfopropyl)amm<>-nium betaine AMPS, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-l-propanesulfonic acid qDMAEMA, quaternary 2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate St, styrene HEMA, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate HEA, 2-hydro-xyethyl acrylate DMAEMA, 2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate MAA, methacrylicacid NaSS sodium p-styrene sulfonate AC, [(2-acryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethyl ammonium chloride GMA, glycidyl methacrylate NVP, jV-vinylpyrrolidone MAn, maleic anhydride BVE n-butyl vinyl ether AAm, acrylamide DEAAm, MA-diethylacrylamidc DMAAm, MA -dimethylacrylamidc MMA, methyl methacrylate. 

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