Poly glycopolymers

Some reviews have been published on the synthetic carbohydrate-based polymers and glycopolymers [11-15]. However, they refer mainly to poly(vinylsaccharide)s and other conventional functionalized polymers having sugars as groups pendant from the main chain of the polymer. In this chapter we shall describe those sugar-based monomers which lead to polymers having the sugar units incorporated into... 

Reineke TM (2006) Poly(glycoamidoamine)s cationic glycopolymers for DNA delivery. J Polym Sci A Polym Chem 44(24) 6895-6908... 

The main approaches used for identification of natural isomers of 5,7-diamino-3,5,7,9-tetradeoxynon-2-ulosonic acids and determination of structures of bacterial poly- and oligosaccharides-containing derivatives of these sugars were H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. This could be applied to both intact natural glycopolymers and carbohydrate portions obtained after delipidation of LPS as well as to oligosaccharide fragments and... 

Totani K, Kubota T, Kuroda T, Murata T, Hidari Kl, Suzuki T, Suzuki Y, Kobayashi K, Ashida H, Yamamoto K, Usui T. Chemoenzymatic synthesis and application of glycopolymers containing multivalent sialyloligosaccharides with a poly(L-glutamic acid) backbone for inhibition of infection by influenza viruses. Glycobiology 2003 13 315-326. 

Figure 5.9 Synthesis of glycopolymer-functionalized MWCNTs (top). Representative TEM images of linear poly(MAIG)-functionalized MWCNTs at 29 (a) and 10.5 h (b), deprotected glycopolymer-functionalized MWCNTs at 29 h (c), and the macroinitiator CNT-Br-1 (d). Reprinted with permission from Gao et al ...

Scheme 30.21 Synthesis of hyperbranched glycopolymers. (i) RAFT polymerization (ii) poly(methacrylate)s via RAFT polymeriza- thiol-ene click" coupling with glucothiose. tion of EGDMA, and the post-polymerization Reproduced with permission from Ref. [ISO] modification using thiol-ene click coupling 2010, American Chemical Society, for the preparation of hyperbranched...

Poly(lactide-g-dextran) copolymers were synthesized by a three-step process partial silylation of the dextran hydroxyl groups, ROP of D,L-lactide initiated by the remaining hydroxyl groups of dextran, followed by silyl ether deprotection under mild conditions. The emulsifying properties of these glycopolymers depend on the PLA/dextran ratio [104]. PLA-g-dextran and PLA-g-silylated dextran adopt a core-shell conformation in various solvents [105]. Studies on encapsulation and release behavior of bovine serum albumin from PLA-g-dextran revealed a higher loading than in PLLA microspheres [106]. 

Figure 7.11 ROMP-derived monolith based on tris(methyl carboxylate)ethane (a) containing PONBE and PNBE, and (b) containing PONBE and poly(cyclooctene) (PCC ). (c) Neo-glycopolymer synthesized via tandem ROMP-hydrogenation.

Their hydrophilicity arises from the presence of water-solubilizing groups such as —OH, —COOH, —CONH2, —CONH—, —SO3H, and so on. Alternately, the main chain of the polymer may be water soluble, such as poly(ethylene oxide) derivatives (122), or based on acrylic, acrylamide, A-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone, poly (vinyl alcohol), ionomers or glycopolymers (123). The insolubility arises from the presence of a three-dimensional network. The cross-links may be covalent, electrostatic, hydrophobic, or dipole-dipole in character. The extent of hydration may exceed a factor of 100, based on dry gel weight. 

Phosphorus-Based Polymers From Synthesis to Applications 12 Poly(lactic acid) Science and Technology Processing, Properties, Additives and Applications 13 Cationic Polymers in Regenerative Medicine 14 Electrospinning Principles, Practice and Possibilities 15 Glycopolymer Code Synthesis of Glycopolymers and their Applications... 

An ABC type triblock copolymer was synthesized by Stenzel and coworkers linking a glycopolymer segment with a poly(n-butyl acrylate) and a poly-(4-vinylpyridine) block via RAFT polymerization (Figure 2.18). In contrast to previous examples, where the composition of the copolymer determined its aggregation behavior to form one dominant colloidal species, here the pH sensitive self-assembly of the triblock copolymer allowed for the formulation of various aggregates such as globular, cylindrical, or Janus-type micelles. 

Ladmiral, V., Monaghan, L., Mantovani, G. and Haddleton, D. M. (2005) alpha-Functional glycopolymers New materials for (poly)peptide conjugation. Polymer, 46, 8536-45. 

Scheme 16.17 (A) Asymmetrical, bifunctional dendrimer 69 containing 16 mannose units and two coumarin chromopbores and (B) poly(methacrylate)-based glycopolymer 70 prepared by CuAAC and used for lectin binding studies with concanavalin A...

Bernard, J., Favier, A., Zhang, L. et al. (2005) poly(vinyl ester) star polymers via xanthate-mediated living radical polymerization from poly(vinyl alcohol) to glycopolymer stars. Macromolecules, 38,5475-5484. 

Ladmiral V, Monaghan L, Mantovani G, Haddleton DM (2005) a-Functional glycopolymers new materials for (poly)peptide conjugation. Polymd 46 8536-8545... 

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