Poly , carbon fibers

PVDFmonofilament [FLUORINECOMPOUNDS,ORGANIC - POLY(VINYLIDENEFLUORIDE)] (Volll) -carbon fibers in [CARBON AND GRAPHITE FIBERS] (Vol 5)... 

The principal classes of high performance fibers are derived from rigid-rod polymers, gel spun fibers, modified carbon fibers, synthetic vitreous fibers, and poly(phenyiene sulfide) fibers. 

Blends of the polysulfone tesia have been made with ABS, poly(ethylene terephthalate), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and polycarbonate. These ate sold by Amoco under the Miadel trademark. Additional materials ate compounded with mineral filler, glass, or carbon fiber to improve properties and lower price. 

Kisamori, S., Kuroda, K., Kawano, S., Moehida, 1., Matsumura, Y. and Yoshikawa, M., Oxidative removal of SO2 and recovery of H2SO4 over poly(acrylonitrile)-baacd active carbon fiber. Energy Fuels, 1994, 8(6), 1337 1340. 

Fig. 19. Inlerfacial shear strengths of various fiber/matrix composites as a function of the work of adhesion as determined by IGC. 1, glass fiber-poly (ethylene) 2, carbon fiber-epoxy B 3, carbon fiber-epoxy A and 4, carbon fiber-PEEK. Redrawn from ref. [102].

The high refractive index of Bisphenol A poly(carbonate) (3) is decreased by the incorporation of the Bisphenol AF moiety. The refractive index of Bisphenol A poly(carbonate) (3) is 1.585,9 whereas that of Bisphenol AF poly(carbonate)s (2) is 1.426. Poly(carbonate)s containing a small amount of Bisphenol AF moiety can be used as sheaths of optical fibers of Bisphenol A poly(carbonate) (3). 

For applications where only mechanical properties are relevant, it is often sufficient to use resins for the filling and we end up with carbon-reinforced polymer structures. Such materials [23] can be soft, like the family of poly-butadiene materials leading to rubber or tires. The transport properties of the carbon fibers lead to some limited improvement of the transport properties of the polymer. If carbon nanotubes with their extensive propensity of percolation are used [24], then a compromise between mechanical reinforcement and improvement of electrical and thermal stability is possible provided one solves the severe challenge of homogeneous mixing of binder and filler phases. For the macroscopic carbon fibers this is less of a problem, in particular when advanced techniques of vacuum infiltration of the fluid resin precursor and suitable chemical functionalization of the carbon fiber are applied. 

Poly[2,2 -(m-phenylene-5,5 -benzimidazole)] (PBI) is a very high glass transition temperature (Tg 430°C), commercially available material. It possesses excellent mechanical properties, but is difficult to process into large parts and has high moisture regain and poor thermo-oxidative stability at temperatures above approximately 260 °C. Polyimides, especially the thermoplastic polyimides, offer attractive thermo-oxidative stability and processibility, but often lack the thermal and mechanical characteristics necessary to perform in applications such as the matrix for high use-temperature (over 300 °C) structural composites (for example, carbon fiber reinforced) for aerospace use. The attempt to mitigate... 

Because of its extended polyconjugated framework, polymer (210) exhibits semiconducting properties both by itself and in the presence of additives. Perhaps a more remarkable property, however, is that polymer (210) does not burn when exposed to a flame. Thus, by employing this thermooxidative reaction, woven or knitted poly(acrylonitrile) fibers can be transformed into fire-proof materials. Polymer (210) can be pyrolyzed still further at temperatures generally in excess of 1000 °C to expel all heteroatoms and generate carbonized or graphitized fibers. These fibers find application where an inert, extremely high temperature, e.g. up to 3000 °C, material is required. 

Pyrolysis can be considered as a three-step process. The first step (stabilization) takes place when poly(acrylonitrile) fibers are heated at 200-300 °C in air. This initiates oxidation and the formation of cross-finks. The second phase (known as carbonization)... 

Poly(acrylonitrile), pitch, cellulose, and phenol resin with stabilization Carbon fibers Fibrous morphology, high mechanical properties... 

Acetylcholineesterase and choline oxidase Carbon fiber electrode (7 pm) dipped into poly(vinyl alcohol)-quaternized stilbazole-ChO-AChE solution, drying in air and exposing to fluorescent room light for 1 h. Calibration graph was rectilinear from 0.1 to 1 mM ACh. Detection limit was 0.05 mM, of ACh and detection time is 5 s. [74]... 

Poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) is a polymer used in carbon fiber reinforced composites. In addition, PEEK has been proposed for use in medical devices(Z). The desirable physical properties of PEEK are its relative insolubility, thermal stability, and toughness. 

Copolymers of furfural with pyrrole have been reported to yield carbon fibers of remarkable quality (22). More recent reports include the use of poly(N-vinylcarbazole) with furfural and furfural-amine copolymers (23) to make both cation/anion exchange resins. A considerable amount of additional work needs to be done in this area to determine the commercial usefulness of such systems. 

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