Plumieride

Allamanda neriifolia Hook./ stem and leaves MeOH/ Percolation allamandin, allamandicin, plumieride 13-0-acetate, deglucosylplumieride, 13-0-coumaroylplumieride, allamcidin B (3-D-glucoside, plumiepoxide, protoplumericin [39]... 

A. neriifolia Hook./ aerial parts EtOH/ Maceration Allamanoid, plumieride, protoplumericin, nicotiflorin [52]... 

A. cathartica L. /root MeOH/ Hot extraction Isoplumericin, plumericin, plumieride, plumieride coumarate, plumieride coumarate glucoside [116]... 

H. fallax (Mull. Arg.) Plumel/ stem EtOAc/ Maceration Isoplumericin, plumericin, plumieride [89]... 

H. sucuuba (Spruce ex Mull. Arg.) Woodson / latex H2O/ Not described 15-demethylisoplumieride, 15-demethylplumieride, plumieride, isoplumieride [70]... 

Poir. / root Percolation plumieride, 1 a-protoplumericin A, plumieride, ... 

P. rubra L. / steam bark CHjCIjiMeOH (1 1) and MeOH/ Maceration Plumericin, isoplumericin, plumieride, fulvoplumierin [75]... 

P. rubra L. / stem bark MeOH/ Maceration Fulvoplumierin, allamandin, allamcin, plumericin, 15-demethylplumieride, plumieride, a-allamcidin, p-allamcidin, IB-O-trans-p-coumaroylplumieride [44]... 

P. / ubra L. / stem bark MeOH/ Maceration Fulvoplumerin, dihydroplumericin, plumieride, plumeridoids A, B and C, isoplumericin, plumericin, allamcin, allamandin, mixture of plumeridoid C and epiplumeridoid C [48]... 

P. obtusa L. / flower EtOH/ Maceration Plumieride coumarateglucoside [118]... 

P. bicolor Seem. / bark MeOH/ Maceration Plumieride [114]... 

Plumeria Flowers Plumieride coumarate glucoside Si gel 60G F254 CHClj-MeOH (3 1) [118]... 

According to [44] the iridoids fulvoplumierin, allamandin, a- and jl-allamcidin, plumieride, 15-demethylplumieride, 13-O-trflMS-p-coumaroylplumieride and plumericin are present in extracts of Plumeria rubra. For isolation of these iridoids, the stem bark (2.5 kg) was successively extracted with petroleum ether and methanol followed by bioguided fractionation to investi-... 

Plumericin, isoplumericin, plumieride, 13-O-coumaroylplumieride and protoplumericine A were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of P. rubra heartwood [85]. The extract (44 g) obtained by percolation was submitted to column chromatography on silica gel with light petroleum ether/ethyl acetate (1 1) and methanol as eluent to furnish four fractions (A-D). Fraction C directly afforded plumericin (1.22 g) after recrystalUzation from toluene/ethyl acetate. Fraction B was rechromatographed on a silica gel with toluene/ethyl acetate (9 1), and isoplumericin (140 mg) was isolated from fraction 2. Fraction D was also rechromatographed on a silica gel column, but with chloroform/methanol/water (90 10 0.5 to 70 30 10) as solvent system. Fraction 3 was 13-O-coumaroylplumieride (2.0 g) and fraction 7 was protoplumericine (1.6 g). Fraction 5 was subjected to Sephadex LFI20 column eluted with methanol, followed by silica gel column eluted with chloroform/ methanol/water (85 15 0.7) to furnish plumieride (120 mg). 

The iridoids, plumericin, isoplumericin, plumieride and fulvoplumierin, were present in the extracts of Plumeria rubra bark. After maceration of the powdered bark (3.5 kg) with dichloro-methane/methanol (1 1) and pure methanol, the combined extracts were partitioned between water and ethyl acetate. To isolate the four iridoids, the organic layer was chromatographed twice in a column using silica gel and gradient of increasing polarity with hexane and ethyl acetate, ethyl acetate and methanol, and then pure methanol. The amounts of the compounds isolated were not reported [75]. 

Plumieride also can be isolated from the bark of Plumeria bicolor [114]. Powdered bark (4 kg) was extracted in methanol, and the crude extract was washed with acetonitrile. The material was re-extracted with chloroform, and this extract was fractionated in column chromatography using silica gel (900 g) and different solvents of increasing polarity. Plumieride was eluted with chloroform/ethyl acetate (1 1) and recrystallized from methanol. 

HPLC not inforrried not informed Allamanda neriifolia/ aerial parts ethanol extract allamanoid, plumieride and protoplumericin [52]... 

MPLC water to 50% methanol in water (25 0 mm particle size, 460 X 36 mm 1 D, 460 Himatantiius sucuuba/latex methanol/ water (1 1) plumieride [73]... 

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