Platinum salts allergenicity

NH4)2(PtCU), H2(PtCl6)] are responsible for this sensitivity. The bromide and iodide compounds are less effective. These platinum compounds form a platinum-protein conjugate that is the true allergen. Tetrachloroplatinates are mutagens. This seems to be true only of complex platinum salts. It does not apply to the complex salts of the other precious metals. Platinum amine nitrates and perchlorates either detonate when heated or are impact-sensitive. 

Isolation complete enclosure of the allergen, e.g. handling complex platinum salts in glove boxes... 

The halide complex salts of platinum, chloroplatinites and chloroplatinates, are highly reactive with proteins, with particular affinity for sulphydryl bonds. They can also be histamine liberators (Parrot et al. 1967,1969). These salts thus represent a polar example of a chemical molecule with most of the features which complicate study as allergens. Many of the problems have been resolved and the findings will be given in extenso . Examples of the relevant platinum salts (molecular weight 444 daltons) are ammonium hexachloroplatinate (NH4)2 [Pt Cl ] and te-trachloroplatinate (NH4)2 [PtCm. 

Table 4). The latter also shows that sodium cromoglycate can block this reaction in the same way as it blocks IgE-mediated bronchial reactions to common allergens. This, together with the nature of the skin, nasal, and bronchial reactions suggest that IgE antibodies are present against the platinum salts and this will be discussed later. 

The possible role, in allergenic potency for eliciting reactions, of the leaving chlorine ligands needs to be examined here, as has been done with the halide complex platinum salts (see Sect. B.I) and as also seems indicated for amprolium hydrochloride (see Sect. C.I). 

Examples of these, providing models for such chemicals, are (a) the complex salts of platinum encountered in the refining of the metal and ranking at the top of the list of allergenic sensitising capacity, (b) nickel sulphate, (c) potassium and ammonium persulphate used as hair bleach. 

Pickering CAC (1972) Inhalation tests with chemical allergens complex salts of platinum. Proc R Soc Med 65 272... 

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