Plastisols and organosols

SARVETNicK, H. A. (Ed.), Plastisols and Organosols, Van Nostrand-Reinhold, New York (1972) SEDLACEK B. (Ed.), Polyvlnyl Chloride Its Formation and Properties (lUPAC Symposium), Butterworths, London (1971)... 

In an emulsion, the oldest process. The presence of emulsifiers at a greater or lesser level gives a variable haze to the finished articles, eases the processing, decreases the electrostatic build-up, and increases the absorption of water. E-PVC, dispersion PVC or PVC pastes are used to make plastisols and organosols. 

Thermasol Vinyl plastisols and organosols Lakeside Plastics... 

Another method, the emulsion process, was developed in Europe to meet the demand for a resin with small particle size, high bulk density, and low plasticizer absorption properties. These characteristics are especially desirable in making plastisols and organosols, where the resins are dispersed in liquid plasticizers. In this polymerization process, emulsifiers are added, and the solution is agitated to keep the monomer droplets dispersed. The initiators must be water soluble it is usually an inorganic persulfate or an organic hyperperoxide. 

Producing a fine porous powder which is easy to blend with compounding ingredients. A smaller amount is polymerized in emulsion and spray-dried for plastisols and organosols. And an even smaller amount is copolymerized with vinyl acetate in organic solution, to produce a uniform copolymer which precipitates at a constant composition and molecular weight. 

Key Q powdered resin compositions R = a(jueous latexes, emulsions, dispersions S- organic lacquer solutions and dispersions T - plastisol and organosol formulations U = natural and synthetic rubber compositions V = hot-melt compositions W = thermoplastic masses X = oleoresinous compositions Y = reading formulations, eg.. epoxy and polyester Z = plastic monomers Dry thickness-... 

The vinyl dispersion industry provides many different products worldwide and uses different processes. When reviewing vinyl dispersions there are basically two types known as plastisol and organosols. These dispersions and examples of processes used will be reviewed. 

Flame retarding plasticizer used in cellulose, polyester and polyurethane. Mainly used in the manufacture of electrical (wire and cable) and automotive plastic parts. May also be used for die preparation of vinyl sheets, fabric coating, plastisols and organosols, adhesives, vinyl packing materials, and conveyor belts. 

Pliovic [Goodyear], TM for homopolymers, vinyl dispersion resin, plastisol, and organosol compounds. 

Homopolymers and copolymers (usually vinyl acetate) of vinyl chloride are used frequently with volatile hydrocarbons where it is not desirable for the solvent (in this case really a diluent) to solvate the resin. These products are called organosols and are derived from plastisols. Plastisols and organosols have been described as follows (9) ... 

Ircogel . [Lubrizol] Metal complexes thixotropic, antisag, and flow control agent for coating plastisols and organosols, fabric coatings, caulks, sealaiits. 

For the relative viscosity of emulsions, in the absence of deformation and coalescence, Eqs 7.24-7.30 may also be used, provided that the intrinsic viscosity is calculated from Eq 7.50 and that the maximum packing volume fraction is treated as an adjustable parameter, dependent on the interphase. This pragmatic approach has been successfully used to describe [r]] vs. (() variation for such complex systems as industrial lattices (at various stages of conversion), plastisols and organosols. 

Plastisol and organosol casting process involves melting the polymer or polymeric mixture by an action of the temperature and presence of either a plasticizer or solvent... 

ASTM D1824-95, Apparent viscosity of plastisols and organosols at low shear rates. 

Plastisols and organosols are a special case of physically drying coatings systems in which the binders consist of finely dispersed poly( vinyl chloride) or thermoplastic poly(meth)acrylates suspended in plasticizers. Organosols also contain some solvent. On drying at elevated temperatures, the polymer particles are swollen by the plasticizer, a process known as gelation. 

The method and type of equipment used also vary with the type of adhesive. As an example, the viscosity of electrically conductive adhesives is measured according to ASTM D1824, Apparent Viscosity of Plastisols and Organosols at Low-Shear Rates by Brookfield Viscosity The viscosity of typical electrically conductive die-attach adhesives is measured with a Brookfield HBT viscometer with Spindle TB and Speed 5. For higher-viscosity conductive adhesives and for underfill adhesives, a Brookfield RVT or RVF viscometer is used with Spindles 6 or 7 at speeds of 4—10.4 rpm. Another Brookfield viscometer, the Cone-and-plate viscometer with a CP-51 spindle is used for low-to-intermediate viscosity adhesives. Finally, the Brookfield HAT and HBT instruments are used for the high-viscosity (1-2 million cP at 1 rpm) adhesives typically used in SMT applications. ... 

Standard Test Method for Apparent Viscosity of Plastisols and Organosols at Low Shear Rates by Brookfield Viscosity, ASTM D1824, Am Soc. Testing and Materials. 2002. 

Uses Thixotrope, vise, control agent for coating plastisols and organosols, fabric coatings, PVC sealants improves flow and pumpability in PVC sealants imparts sag resist, to plastisols Properties Lt. brn. liq. mild odor insol. in water sp.gr. 1.10 dens. 8.996 Ib/gal vise. 57,000 cps flash pt. (PMCC) 140 C 100% NV 9.45% Ca Use Level 2-5 phr (dipping/spraying plastisols), 4-6 phr (spread coating, foam plastisols), 8-10 phr (sealants)... 

Chem. Descrip. Polyolefin amide alkeneamine Uses Pigment dispersant/wetting agent for color cones., inks, plastisols and organosols, carbon biks. 

Viscosity can alternatively be measured by Brookfield viscometer according to ASTM D 1824 but results will differ because of the differences in shear rates and non-Newtonian properties of plastisols and organosols. 

Figure 14.33. Coating line for plastisols and organosols. 1 unwinder, 2 accumulator, 3 stand and coating head, 4 oven, 5 IR radiators and embossing unit, 6 cooling unit, 7 textile unwider, 8 pregelling oven, 9 lacquering head, 10 dryer, 11 winder. [Adapted from Wypych Q Polymer Modified Textile Materials, John Wiley, New York, 1988.1...

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