Plants glycosidase inhibitors

Molyneux, R.J., James, L.F., Ralphs, M.H., Pfister, J.A., Panter, K.E. and Nash, R.J. (1994). Polyhydroxy alkaloid glycosidase inhibitors from poisonous plants of global distibution Analysis and identification, in Colegate, S.M. and Dorling, P.R., Eds., Plant-associated toxins agricultural, phytochemical and ecological aspects, CAB International, Wallingford, pp. 107-112. 

M. S. J. Simmonds, G. C. Kite, and E. A. Porter, Taxonomic distribution of iminosugars in plants and their biological activities, in A. E. Stiitz, (Ed.), Iminosugars as Glycosidase Inhibitors, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, New York, 1999, pp. 8-30. 

Compounds that inhibit oligosaccharide digestion not only impair herbivore nutrition but can also act as antifeedants. A variety of plant-derived secondary metabolites inhibit glycosidases (Table 13.1). Numerous plant protein glycosidase inhibitors have been isolated and some of these have dual functions as both a-amylase and trypsin inhibitors (Table 13.2). 

Two new types of polyhydroxylated alkaloids containing dihydroxypyrrolidine moieties as glycosidase inhibitors from higher plants 02H(57)1539. 

Polyhydroxy Plant Alkaloids as Glycosidase Inhibitors and Their Possible Ecological Role... 

Polyhydroxyalkaloids, many of which are potent glycosidase inhibitors, are probably widespread in nature and may contribute to the chemical defence of those plants in which they accumulate. 

The plant alkaloid castanospermine 155 and the related piperidine alkaloid 1-deox-ynojirimicin 160, like several other polyhydroxylated octahydroindolizidines, piperidines and pyrrolidines, are potent glycosidase inhibitors. These nitrogen bases are of considerable interest for the study of biosynthetic processes and, in addition, castanospermine and some of its derivatives may be of clinical value as antineo-plastic agents and as drugs in the treatment of AIDS. 

The known (S.M. Kupchan et. al., J. Org. Chem., 1969, 34, 3898) natural product, crotepoxide A has been isolated from the rhizomes of Kaempferia rotunda and identified as the source of the plants moderate insecticidal activity. It has also been synthesized along with its isomer 93 from a quinic acid derivative as a potential glycosidase inhibitor. (See Vol. 28, p. 239, ref. 123 and 124). 21... 

Fellows, L. E., G. C. Kite, R. J. Nash, M. S. J. Simmonds, and A. M. Scofield, Distribution and biological activity of alkaloidal glycosidase inhibitors from plants, in Nitrogen Metabolism of Plants, K. Mengel and D. J. Pilbeam, eds., Proc. Phytochem. Soc. Europe, 33. 271-282, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1982. 

Fellows, L. E., S. V. Evans, R. J. Nash, and E. A. Bell, Polyhydroxy plant alkaloids as glycosidase inhibitors and their possible ecological role, in Natural Resistance of Plants to Pests M. B. Green and P. A. Hedin, eds.), ACS Symposium Series, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1986. 

Nash RJ, Watson AA, Winters AL, Fleet GWJ, Wormald MR, Dealer S, Lees E, Asano N, Molyneux RJ (1998) Glycosidase inhibitors in British plants as causes of livestock disorders. In Garland T, Barr AC (eds) Toxic plants and other natural toxicants. CAB International,... 

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