Plant costs economics

W. D. Downey and P. O Rouke, Retail Fertiliser Plant Costs Efficiemy and Proftability, Department of Agricultural Economics, Purdue University, Lafayette, Ind, Apr. 1976. 

Large Plants The economics of microfiltration units costing about ilO " is treated under ultrafiltration. When ceramic membranes are used, the cost optimum may shift energy consumption upward to as much as 10 kWh/m. ... 

Following development of the study direction, the evaluation describes the efforts of obtaining and validating process information, and then discusses equipment specifications and a cost estimate of the feasibility or budget type i.e., with plant costs factored from major material. Finally, project economics and financing complete the evaluation. 

The selection is dictated by economics governing the initial plant cost versus higher turbine output. Usually, the turbine exhaust steam is designed to be slightly superheated, which is desirable, as it allows for heat loss from the steam with minimum condensate losses. At low loads from the turbine, the degree of superheat can rise sharply, well in excess of the normal design conditions, and for this purpose, desuperheaters are often employed to trim the steam temperature at exhaust. 

The economic treatment discussed so far is hmited to analytical laboratories where samples are received from an outside source it will not apply to laboratories attached to processing plants performing quahty-control analyses. The cost of the automatic equipment, in these cases, wiU be small in relation to the plant cost, and it wiU be the improved precision of analysis and speed of response that wiU have the greatest economic significance. Automatic analysers in production hnes are ideal for quality control, and there is ample scope for additional automation. However, this is an area where the... 

Reference CE8 contains the economic indicators including the M S Equipment Costing Index and the CE Plant Cost Index. These indices and their component values are listed from 1977 to 1985. 

Production Economics. This presents cost indexes for plant costs for various countries in the world including Australia, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Japan, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States. ... 

Economics Variable production cost is dominated by feedstock pricing, especially for natural gas. The installed plant cost is the other main contributor to the total product cost. Total energy usage for a self-contained plant is typically around 7.8 Gcal/ton of methanol (31 MMBtu/ton) on an LHV basis. Capital investment varies tremendously with size and location however, a guideline installed cost for a 3,000-tpd plant is approximately U.S. 250-300 million. Synetix s LCM process offers improved economics over conventional processes. It is ideal for large capacities (over 3,000 tpd) where conventional plants cannot be used, such as, offshore production. 

Gran, J. (1976a) Engineering and Process Economics, 1, 109-112. EPE Plant cost indices international (1970=100). 

Depreciation = plant installed cost/economic life = 6.0/10yr = 0.6/yr... 

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