Pipeline safety risk assessment

Brito, A.J. De Almeida, A.T. Multi-attribute risk assessment for risk ranking of natural gas pipelines. Reliab Eng Syst Safety (2009), v. 94 (2009) p. 187-198. doi 10.1016/j.ress.2008.02.014... 

Where work is necessary directly beneath the lines, or blasting or other unusual activity has to be done adjacent to the lines, the lines may need to be made dead and a permit to work system operated. In certain situations, capacitated or induced AC voltages and even arcing can be created in fences and pipelines which run parallel to overhead lines. When there are concerns about nearby structures the advice of the safety adviser and/or the electrical supply company must be sought. Risk assessments should also be made and suitably recorded, the information being made available to all workers on the site. 

Offshore facilities pose critical questions of personnel evacuation and the possibility of total asset destruction if prudent risk assessments are not performed. A thorough analysis of both life safety and asset protection must be undertaken. These analyses should commensurate with the level of risk a particular facihty represents, either in personnel exposed, financial loss, or environmental impact. An unmanned wellhead platform might only require the review of wellhead shut-in, flowhne protection, and platform ship collisions to be effective, while manned drilling and production platforms require the most extensive analysis. Generally the highest risks in offshore facilities are drilling blow-outs, transportation impacts, and process upsets. Where inadequate isolation means are provided for either wellheads or pipeline connections to the installation, considerable fuel inventories will be available to an incident. 

Zhang, R, Zhou, Y., Liao, T., Research on quantitative risk assessment model and failure probability of oil/gas pipeline based on dempster-shafer evidence and intuitionist fuzzy theory. Proceedings of the International Conference on Quality, Reliability, Risk, Maintenance, and Safety Engineering, 2013, pp. 145-150. 

Laheij G.M.H., Kuik G.R, Elteren van R, Vliet van A.A.C. 2008b. Influence of a statutory one-call system on the risk of natural gas pipelines. PSAM9, 9th International Conference on Probabilistic Safety Assessment and Management, Hong Kong, China, May 18-23 2008 (Eds. Tsu-Mu Kao, Enrico Zio and Vincent Ho). 

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