Pinene Cinnamon

Cinnamomum camphora (L.) J. S. Presl. Chang Shu (Cinnamon) (root, branch, leaf) d-camphor, eucalyptole, cineole, pinene, aromadendrene, cumaldehyde, pinocarveol, l-acetyl-4- isopropy lidenecy clopentene33 -53 Stimulate nervous system, relax gastrointestinal muscle contractions. 

Cinnamomum zeglanicum Blume Ceylon Rou Gui (Ceylon cinnamon) (bark) Cinnamic aldehyde, p-cymene, hydrocinnamic aldehyde, pinene, benzaldehyde, cuminic aldehyde, nonylic aldehyde, eugenol, caryophyllene, 1-phellandrine, methyl-n-amyl ketone, 1-linalool.60 Stimulant to digestion, respiration, circulation. 

A recent survey about essential oils and their pure constituents used to control Varroa jacobsoni, contained three interesting tables that reported the toxicity of essential oils for V. jacobsoni and Apis mellifera after 24, 48 and 72 hours in a topical application and in an evaporation test, and the effects of essential oils on behavior and reproduction of V jacobsoni and on the bee brood [63]. The most interesting oils were those of cinnamon and clove, with 100% mite mortality after 24 h and no significant toxicity on honey bees. Furthermore, clove essential oil produced small brood mortality, and it was an inhibitor of mite reproduction. Other effective oils were anise, fennel, lavender, rosemary and wintergreen, which killed 100% mites after 48-72 hours. On the contrary, the oils obtained from garlic, onion, oregano and thyme, were found to be very toxic for honey bees. Among pure constituents, camphor, linalool, linalyl acetate and pinene resulted small brood mortality and inhibited mite reproduction. 

Composition 65-80% (E)-ciimamaldehyde, up to app. 10% eugenol, methyl eugenol, linalool, which, has been reported not to occur in cassia oil [56], (E)-cirmamyl acetate, geranylacetate, benzyl benzoate, caryophyllene, hydrocirmamic aldehyde, benzaldehyde, a-terpineol, pinene, phellandrene, p-cymene and others [57, 58, 59], Note that Cinnamon bark and leaf oil are also specified in the European Pharmacopoeia. 

Camphene, a- Rosemary plant, P-Pinene, Cineole, and spruce needles Camphor, Bomeol, Bomyl Acetate, Humulene Cinnamaldehyde, Cinnamon Coumarin, C15H24 Isomers Limonene, a- Orange peel P-Pinene, C15H24 Limonene, Menthol, Chewing gum Isomenthone, Carvone, Menthone, C15H24 45 0.90 300... 

Cassia cinnamon oil (2) has a prominent blue zone of terpene hydrocarbons (e.g. caryophyllene, a-pinene) at tire solvent front as well as two minor blue zones at R, 0.25-0.3. 

Occurs in eucalyptus and other plant oils. Unstable oil with cinnamon odour. Bpjj 99-100°. [a] -1-14.75°. 10-Carboxylic acid [601-74-1]. 2-Pinen-lO-oic acid. Myrtenic acid C10H14O2 M 166.219... 

S cheUes cinnamon bark oil contains cinnamic aldehyde, eugenol, caryt hyllene, phellandrene, cymene, camphor, camphene, /8-pinene, f-limonene, benzaldehyde, linalol, and nonylic aldehyde ( ). 

This oil is distilled from the bark of Massoia aromatica, a tree found in New Guinea, in which it occurs to the extent of 6 to 8 per cent Woy, who investigated the oil, states that it contains a considerable quantity of eugenol, with some safrol, a body resembling creosote, and traces of free acetic acid. It is however, doubtful, whether the so-called massoi bark of commerce ever consists of one kind of bark only. It is possible that the principal compound of the commercial bark is that of a species of cinnamon. He also claimed that it contains a terpene not identical with any already known hydrocarbon. Wallach has, however, shown that this body is a mixture of the terpenes pinene and limonene, with perhaps, some dipentene. The oil is a clear yellow liquid of dove-like odour of specific gravity 1 040 to 1 065, and refractive index about 1 5400. 

C. verum cinnamon bark oil contains as its major component cinnamic aldehyde (usually 60-80%) other major constituents include sesquiterpenoids (4-5%) (e.g., a-humulene and P-caryophyllene that make up 3-4% of the total, limonene, and others), eugenol, eu-genol acetate, cinnamyl acetate, cinnamyl alcohol, methyl eugenol, benzaldehyde, cu-minaldehyde, benzyl benzoate, monoterpenes (e.g., linalool, pinene, phellandrene, and cym-ene), carophyllene, safrole, and others (list AND horhammer MASADA RAVINDRAN). °... 

C. verum leaf oil contains high concentrations of eugenol (Ceylon type 80-88% Seychelles type 87-96%) it also contains many of the major constituents present in cinnamon bark oil (e.g., benzyl benzoate (6%), cinnamaldehyde, cinnamyl acetate, eugenol acetate, benzaldehyde, linalool, a-ter-pinene, and others), as well as other minor compounds, including a-humulene, 3-caryo-phyllene, a-ylangene, methyl cinnamate, and cinnamyl acetate (masada ravindran). °... 

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