Pigments primary

Pigment Primary Crystalline Form °rel in Isopropyl Alcohol... 

Prepare an advertisement using color to evoke an emotion. For example, a travel advertisement might use blue and green to represent relaxation, or an advertisement for children s clothes might emphasize red, yellow, and blue, the pigment primaries, to represent youth and activity. Apply the principles of good composition to your advertisements. 

Why do you think the mixture of all three pigment primaries is a muddy color instead of black ... 

Precisely equal amounts of pure pigment primary colors must be mixed to achieve a true black. 

Activity 1.12 Solution Preparation and Pigment Primary Hues... 

Rigid Applications. The use of the lead stabilizers is very limited in the United States but, they are stiU used in several rigid PVC appHcations in Europe and Asia. The highest use of lead stabilizers in rigid PVC is for pipe and conduit appHcations. Tribasic lead sulfate is the primary heat stabilizer with lead stearates included to provide lubrication. The lead products are typically fully formulated, usually including lubricants and pigments for pipe extmsion appHcations. These lead one-packs, when used at about 1.8—2.5 phr, provide all of the stabilizer and lubrication needed to process the polymer. A lead one-pack contains tribasic lead sulfate, dibasic lead stearate calcium stearate, polyethylene wax, paraffin wax, ester wax, and pigments. 

The primary manufacturers of daylight-fluorescent pigment at the present time are Dane and Co. (London) Day-Glo Color Corp. (Cleveland, Ohio) Nippon Keiko Kagaku Co. Ltd. (Tokyo) Nippon Shokubai (Osaka) Lawter Chemical Corp. (Skokie, Illinois) Radiant Color, Division of Magmder (Elizabeth, New Jersey) Sinloihi Co., Ltd. (Kamakura, Japan) and U.K. Seung (Busan, Korea). Smaller regional manufacturers are located in China, India, Russia, and Brazil. 

Another fluorescent pigment class (23) is based on a urethane-type resin the primary raw materials are isocyanates, amines, and hydroxy compounds. 

Several new types of pigments have been introduced commercially which are based on polymers that do not contain formaldehyde. These pigments have some different characteristics but have the advantage of not giving off formaldehyde. Most of the primary manufacturers provide these types of pigments and more are being developed. 

Coatings, Paints, and Pigments. Various slightly soluble molybdates, such as those of zinc, calcium, and strontium, provide long-term corrosion control as undercoatings on ferrous metals (90—92). The mechanism of action presumably involves the slow release of molybdate ion, which forms an insoluble ferric molybdate protective layer. This layer is insoluble in neutral or basic solution. A primary impetus for the use of molybdenum, generally in place of chromium, is the lower toxicity of the molybdenum compound. 

Llthol Reds. Lithol Red or Pigment Red 49 1/7103-38-4] is one of the most important of the precipitated salt pigments. They comprise a family of sodium (PR 49), barium (PR 49 1), calcium (PR 49 2), and strontium (PR 49 3) salts of dia2oti2ed Tobias acid or 2-naphthylamine-l-sulfonic acid coupled with 2-naphthol. The most popular are the barium and calcium salts, the former being yellower in shade. These reds are used where brightness, bleed resistance, and low cost ate of primary importance. They are neither resistant to heat nor chemicals, and are used primarily in printing inks and some inexpensive air-dried industrial paints where good durabiUty is not requited. 

A primary source of environmental pollution from printing ink comes from the metal-based pigments used, as well as various resins, waxes, and drying agents that are also part of the inks. These materials are added to inks regardless of the source of the oil. As a result, petroleum inks are just as suitable for landfill disposal under U.S. EPA regulations as are vegetable oil inks. 

Dyes. Sodium nitrite is a convenient source of nitrous acid in the nitrosation and diatozation of aromatic amines. When primary aromatic amines react with nitrous acid, the intermediate diamine salts are produced which, on coupling to amines, phenols, naphthols, and other compounds, form the important azo dyes (qv). The color center of the dye or pigment is the -N=N- group and attached groups modify the color. Many dyes and pigments (qv) have been manufactured with shades of the entire color spectmm. 

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