Picric acid toxicity

Detonating velocity Similar to picric acid Toxicity Moderate... 

Toxicity. Picric Acid is more toxic than the nitro derivatives of toluene, xylene or naphthalene. It is, however, much less toxic than nitro derivatives of benzene... 

TNT is relatively safe to handle and of low toxicity. It is, therefore, preferred to picric acid and ammonium picrate which give sensitive compounds with a variety of metals, and to trinitrobenzene or hexanitrodiphenylamine which are highly toxic. 

Reactivity. Chemicals that react violently with air or water are considered hazardous examples are sodium metal, potassium metal, and phosphorus. Reactive materials also include strong oxidizers such as perchloric acid, and chemicals capable of detonation when subjected to an initiating source, such as solid, dry < 10% H2O picric acid, benzoyl peroxide, or sodium borohydride. Solutions of certain cyanide or sulfides that could generate toxic gases are also classified as reactive. The potential for finding such chemicals in a refinery is... 

The LDso values for picric acid after oral dosing of male and female rats were 290 and 200 mg/kg, respectively. Death was due to severe acidosis, with toxic doses of picric acid exceeding the buffering capacity of the blood. In rats, metabolism of picric acid is primarily limited to reduction of nitro groups of the aromatic ring and subsequent conjugation by acetate. 

Wyman JF, Serve MP, Hobson DW, et ah Acute toxicity, distribution, and metabolism of 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (picric acid) in Fischer 344 rats. J Toxicol Environ Health 37 313-327, 1992... 

Picric acid is a strong acid, very toxic, soluble in hot water, alcohol, ether, benzene and acetone, and is a fast yellow dye for silk and wool. It attacks common metals, except for aluminium and tin, and produces salts which are very explosive. The explosive power of picric acid is somewhat superior to that of TNT, both with regard to the strength and... 

Tetryl is a pale yellow, crystalline solid with a melting temperature of 129 °C. It is moderately sensitive to initiation by friction and percussion, and is used in the form of pressed pellets as primers for explosive compositions which are less sensitive to initiation. It is slightly more sensitive than picric acid, and considerably more sensitive than TNT. Tetryl is quite toxic to handle and is now being replaced by RDX and... 

Explosives and related compounds have become widely recognized as serious environmental contaminants. Among the nitrosubstituted aromatic compounds causing particular concern are 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (picric acid), and many nitro- and/or amino-substituted aromatics that result from the manufacture and transformation of explosives. The threat posed by the presence of these compounds in soil and water is the result of their toxicity and is compounded by their recalcitrance to biodegradation. 

Toxicity Picric acid causes adverse effects on the skin of animals and humans like allergies, dermatitis, irritation, and sensitization. Absorption of picric acid by the system causes headache, fever, nausea, diarrhea, and coma. In high concentrations, picric acid is known to cause damage to erythrocytes, kidney, and liver.68 69... 

Picric acid (2,4,6-trinitrophenol). Caution explosive and toxic. 

Karplus [70] found that in man or in animals picric acid undergoes partial conversion into the more toxic picramic acid ... 

During World War I materials of this type were used fairly extensively, However, it has been proved that some of them can undergo hydrolysis, yielding free picric acid, thus rendering any further use of such explosives unjustifiable. In addition, most of the products have strongly toxic properties. Hence during World War II compounds of this type were used only on a small scale. 

Picric acid is toxic, soluble in hot water, and readily soluble in alcohol, ether, benzene, and acetone. 

Picric acid is a pale yellow, odorless solid with a melting point of 123 Celsius. It explodes when heated to 300 Celsius. It is relatively insoluble in water, but soluble in alcohol, and benzene. Picric acid is toxic and can be absorbed through the skin with... 

Synonyms and trade names picronitric acid, 2,4,6-trinitrophenol, trinitrophenol Use and exposure Picric acid is a white to yellowish crystalline substance and highly flammable. It is used in the manufacture of fireworks, matches, electric batteries, colored glass, explosives, and disinfectants. Pharmaceutical, textile, and leather industries also make use of picric acid. Bouin s picro-formol is used as a preservative solution for biological specimens in laboratories. Toxicity and health effects Picric acid causes different adverse effects on the skins of animals and humans, like allergies, dermatitis, irritation, and sensitization. Absorption of picric acid by the system causes headache, fever, nausea, diarrhea, and coma. In high concentrations, picric acid is known to... 

Picric acid (Figure 3.9) is made by dissolving phenol in sulfuric acid, then nitrating with nitric acid. Another route is from nitration of dinitrophenol, which is made from dinitrochlorobenzene. Picric acid was used extensively in World War I as a bomb and grenade filler both by itself and in mixtures with other explosives. Its major drawback (besides its toxicity) is that it reacts with metals... 

Picric acid is a toxic material and must be handled very carefully. Also, picric acid will react with many metals to form impact-sensitive metal salts, so it MUST be kept out of contact with metal. 

Toxic effects Irritant to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. Notes This material is explosive. See section on manufac turing picric acid for more information. 

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