Physical solvent process, LOCAT

LOCAT units can be used for tail-gas clean-up from chemical or physical solvent processes. They can also be used directly as a gas sweetening unit by separating the absorber/oxidizer into two vessels. The regenerated solution is pumped to a high-pres.sure absorber to contact the gas. A light slurry of rich solution comes off the bottom of the absorber and flows to an atmospheric oxidizer tank where it is regenerated. A dense slurry is pumped off the base of the oxidizer to the melter and sulfur separator. 

Along with methods to evaluate different pharmaceutical processes and unit operations, several methods have also been developed to evaluate commonly used solvents in the pharmaceutical industry. Solvents still account for a majority of the mass utilization in any pharmaceutical process. Therefore, various methods have been developed which focus on measuring the greenness of solvents, locating possible alternatives and reducing the overall amount of solvent used in any given process. Some of these methods use a combination of physical property data, LCA... 

Knowledge of the physical and chemical properties as well as the cellular location of the target protein helps in designing the separation process. Whether the protein is intra- or extracellular, soluble or insoluble in the cytoplasm, bound to the cell membrane or located within the organelles, will affect the selection of the separation method and the type of buffering system. Proteins bound to the cell membrane require detergents or organic solvents for their solubilization. 

We thus reduce the number of alternatives to 2. In both options the incineration will be carried out at the nearest, EPA approved, commercial incinerator located in Chicago and operated by Chemwaste Management Company. Based on the physical properties presented in Table 1 and the quantity of material to be incinerated, estimates of incineration cost were obtained as 0.64/kg of liquid and 22/kg of solid [ 8 ]. If one wishes to use the solvent extraction process, one realizes a considerable economic savings in incineration costs due to the substantial difference between the costs of incinerating liquids and solids. The estimated cost of incinerating solids includes ash disposal. If the solid, upon incineration, does not... 

Physical methods are reversible reformations, in the form of physical adhesion between two polymers. Physical adhesion, or immerse precipitation, does not change the interface. Therefore, the two polymers can easily be disunited using selective solvents. Adhering cell protein as the biomimetic substance and coating a substrate in a melting process are some examples of physical modification. However, homogeneous thickness of the conductive polymer cannot be achieved with these methods, resulting in various conductivities in different locations of the polymer. 

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