Polymerization phthalocyanines

Like monomeric phthalocyanines, polymeric phtha-locyanines also show improvements in electrical conductivity on doping with iodine [125-136]. In the latter case, however, the improvement in electrical conductivity is only two or three orders of magnitude compared to monomeric phthalocyanines, which show improvements in conductivity by eight to ten orders of magnitude [80]. The electrical conductivity of doped phthalocyanine polymer depends on the nature of donor and acceptor units and their orientation and their repeat distance. The nature of stacking and the presence of crosslinked structures introduce randomness in the overlap of orbitals, thereby causing interruption of... 

Orthmann E and Wegner G 1986 Preparation of ultrathin layers of molecularly controlled architecture from polymeric phthalocyanines by the Langmuir-Blodgett-technique 1986 Angew. Chem. Int. Edn. Engl. 25 1105-7... 

Incorporation of less than a stoichiometric amount of alkyl sulfonamides of copper phthalocyanines into copper phthalocyanine improves the pigment s properties in rotogravure inks (67). Monomeric and polymeric phthalocyanine derivatives with basic substituents adsorb strongly to the pigment surface and promote the adsorption of binder molecules (68—72). 

Table 2. Synthesis of Phthalocyanines by Conversion of Substituents at the Central Metal Giving (Oligo)Polymerization...

Synthesis and properties of polymeric phthalocyanines and their metal derivatives. A. A. Berlin and A. I. Sherle, Inorg. Macromol. Rev., 1971,1, 235-270 (129). 

Polymeric phthalocyanines 3 are available from 1,2,4,5-tetracyanoben ne 2 by deposition from the vapor phase on hot substrate surfaces, or by thermal curing of its tetramer, octacyanophthalocyanine 4 in the presence of metal cations (Scheme 2... 

For electrocatalysis, compounds of the porphyrin series are of major interest monomeric and polymeric phthalocyanines, tetraphenylporphyrins, tetraazaporphy-rins, tetraazaannulenes, and other complexes. The structures of some of these complexes are shown in Fig. 28.5. 

We have demonstrated a new class of effective, recoverable thermormorphic CCT catalysts capable of producing colorless methacrylate oligomers with narrow polydispersity and low molecular weight. For controlled radical polymerization of simple alkyl methacrylates, the use of multiple polyethylene tails of moderate molecular weight (700 Da) gave the best balance of color control and catalyst activity. Porphyrin-derived thermomorphic catalysts met the criteria of easy separation from product resin and low catalyst loss per batch, but were too expensive for commercial implementation. However, the polyethylene-supported cobalt phthalocyanine complex is more economically viable due to its greater ease of synthesis. 

Polyphosphazene-Phthalocyanlne Structures. Thus, a related study was carried out with copper phthalocyanine units linked covalently to a poly(aryloxyphosphazene) (44). Non-polymeric copper phthalocyanine forms ordered stacked structures in the crystalline state. When... 

The dramatic acceleration observed for the ROP of epoxides when (255) is present has also been observed with several other aluminum-based initiators, including salen- (325)-(327), tetraazaan-nulene- (328) and phthalocyanine- (329) ligated systems.946 For example, (325) polymerizes PO extremely slowly at room temperature (4% conversion of 50 equivalents over 8 days), but in the presence of MAD (255), 200 equivalents require just 70min to attain 43% con version.794,795,947 Complex (328) shows a similar increase in activity upon addition of MAD 200 equivalents PO reach 74% conversion within 90 seconds in the absence of MAD such a yield requires several days. 

Kashiwazaki67 has fabricated a complementary ECD using plasma-polymerized ytterbium bis(phthalocyanine) (pp—Yb(Pc)2) and PB films on ITO with an aqueous solution of 4M KC1 as electrolyte. Blue-to-green electrochromicity was achieved in a two-electrode cell by complementing the green-to-blue color transition (on reduction) of the pp—Yb(Pc)2 film with the blue (PB)-to-colorless (PW) transition (oxidation) of the PB. A three-color display (blue, green, and red) was fabricated in a three-electrode cell in which a third electrode (ITO) was electrically connected to the PB electrode. A reduction reaction at the third electrode, as an additional counter electrode, provides adequate oxidation of the pp Yb(Pc)2 electrode, resulting in the red coloration of the pp—Yb(Pc)2 film. 

IK also claimed polymeric emitting materials comprising a polyimide, polyamideimide, polyurea, or polyazomethine with a dye component such as phthalocyanine, porphyrin, triphenylamine, oxadiazole moieties or polycarbonate with a diarylvinylene arylene skeleton or styrylamine core. 

Polymeric Fe phthalocyanine (poly-FePc) is known to be a better catalyst... 

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