Photodynamic therapy liposomes

Vineland, NJ) or over-the-counter cosmetic creams promoted for improved hydration (L Oreal, Paris and Dior, Paris). More recently, parenteral liposome formulations of amphotericin B, doxorubicin, and dau-norubicin have been approved and marketed (ABELCET, Elan, the Liposome Co., Inc, Princeton, NJ AmBisome and DaunoXome, Nexstar/Fujisawa, Deerfield Park, IL Amphotec and Doxil, Sequus/ Alza, Menlo Park, CA), with others on the horizon for applications in photodynamic therapy. Although the vast majority of liposome preparations are constructed from phospholipids, other nonphospholipid materials can be used either alone or in mixtures to form bilayer arrays. One such example is Amphotec, which utilizes sodium cholesteryl sulfate as the primary lipid. Other liposome forming materials may include but are not limited to fatty-acid compositions, ionized fatty acids, or fatty acyl amino acids, longchain fatty alcohols plus surfactants, ionized lysophospholipids or combinations, non-ionic or ionic surfactants and amphiphiles, alkyl maltosides, a-tocopherol esters, cholesterol esters, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, sorbitan alkyl esters, and polymerized phospholipid compositions. ° ... 

T.J. Gragoudas, E.S. Intravenous infusion of liposomal 82. BPD for photodynamic therapy of experimental choroidal neovascularization. Arch. Ophthalmol. 1996,114, 978-985. 83. 

Derycke AS, de Witte PA (2004) Liposomes for photodynamic therapy. Adv Drug DeUv Rev 56 17-30... 

Takeuchi Y et al (2004) Intracellular target for photosensitization in cancer antiangio-genic photodynamic therapy mediated by polycation liposome. J Control Release 97 231-240... 

Igarashi A et al (2003) Liposomal photofrin enhances therapeutic efficacy of photodynamic therapy against the human gastric cancer. Toxicol Lett 145 133-141... 

Jezek P et al (2003) Experimental photodynamic therapy with MESO-tetrakisphenyl-porphyrin (TPP) in liposomes leads to disintegration ofhmnan amelanotic melanoma... 

Kramer M, Miller JW, Michaud N, et al. Liposomal benzoporphyrin derivative verte-porfin photodynamic therapy. Selective treatment of choroidal neovascularization in monkeys. Ophthalmology 1996 103 427-438. 

Jori, G. (1992) Low-density lipoproteins-liposome delivery systems for tumor photosensitizers in vivo, in Henderson, B.W. and Dougherty, TJ. (Eds.), Photodynamic Therapy. Basic Principles and Clinical Applications, New York Marcel Dekker... 

A. Segalla, C. Milanesi, G. Jori, H.-G. Capraro, U. Isele, K. Schieweck (1994). CGP 55394, a liposomal Ge(IV) phthalocyanine bearing two axially ligated cholesterol moieties a new potential agent for photodynamic therapy of tumors. Br. J. Cancer, 69, 817-825. 

F. Jiang, L. Lilge, B. Logie, Y. Li, M. Chopp (1997). Photodynamic therapy of 9L gliosarcoma with liposome-delivered Photofrin. Photochem. Photobiol., 65(4), 701-706. 

The potential of liposomal systems but at the same time the compexity of such a development and production process leading to a useful product is illustrated by the solution of the challenging task to convert an insoluble dye pigment to a clear liposomal solution, suitable as a photosensitizer for subcutaneous injection in the photodynamic therapy of skin... 

F Ricchelli, G Jori. Utilization of liposomes as porphyrin carriers in the photodynamic therapy of tumors. Proceedings of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (ED). FECS Third International Conference on Chemistry and Biotechnology of Biologically Active Natural Products, V. 5. Communications Bioorganic Chemistry and Structural Elucidation and Chemical Transformation of Natural Products, Sofia, Bulgaria, 1987, pp 241-244. 

A liposomal injection solution of verteporin (Visudyne ) is formulated with egg phosphatidyl-glycerol and dimyristoylphosphatidyl choline. The freeze-dried powder, contains apart from the liposomes, verteporin, lactose as lyoprotector, and osmolality adjusting excipients. By reconstitution with water an opaque dark green injectable solution is generated, which is injected intravenously within the scope of photodynamic therapy. 

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