Photochemistry of Dyed and Pigmented Polymers

Shinizn, S. Iwasaki, and I. Sakaguchi, Nippon Sanshigaku Zasshi, 1979, 48, 473. 

Efimov and V. S. Sivokhin, Dokl. Akad. Nauk. SSSR, 1980, 250, 387. 

Griffiths, in Developments in Polymer Photochemistry , ed. N. S. Allen, Applied Science Publishers Ltd., London, 1980, Vol. 1, Chap. 6, p. 145. 

Vat dyes have been found to deaggregate in poly(vinyl alcoho and diethylthiadicarbozyanine iodide has been observed to 

Indigo dyes have been found to exhibit dual electron donor 

Several attempts have been made to improve the photostability 

Schnabel and T. Sumiyoshl, in New Trends in the Photochemistry of Polymers , Elsevier Applied Science Publishers Limited, (London), Editors N. S. Allen and J. F. Rabek, (1985), Chapter 4, p.69 

Hult and B. Ranby, Polym. Prepr. (Am.Chem.Soc.Dlv.Polym.Chem.), (1984), 

PHOTOCHEMISTRY OF DYED AND PIGMENTED POLYMERS A number of review articles of interest have appeared. These include the synthesis and properties of laser dyes, photocatalytic oxidation of polymers by pigments , factors determining dye stability and the effect of additives . 

Chontos, Proc. Electr./Electron. Insul. Conf.. 

Shirota in Photoinduced Electron Transfer , Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam, (Editors H.A. Fox and H. 

Makromol. Chemie, Makromol. SuddI fl990). 31, 227.  

Dye and pigment effects on pol5uners as well as their inherent stability are still subjects of considerable complexity and interest. Additive effects on the stability of dyed systems have been reviewed as has general dye photofading.  

Radcure Coatings and Inks Appl Perform., 1996, 14. 

Lacey and P.I. Buxton, Macromol. Rapid Commun.,1996,17,417. 

Bandermann, C. Guenther and J. Schweer, Macromol. Chem. Phys., 1996, 197, 1055. 

Kondoh and K. Tanimura, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1996,26,191. 

Guan and D. Zhao, Gongneng Gaofenzi Xuebao, 1996,9, 364. 

Three reviews have appeared on pigment photocatalysis. Light stabilisers and pigments are generally effective in polyolefins especially carbon black which has been surface oxidised with nitric acid. Photocatalytic effects of titanium dioxide have been examined through the photohydroperoxidation of lineolic acid.  

A number of studies continue to appear on dye photofading processes. Silylated coumarin dyes attached to sol-gel hosts have been found to exhibit high light stability. Many disperse dyes on polyester are stabilised by absorbers as is Rhodamine B in solution by singlet state quenchers, silk dyes by semicarbazides and vat dyes on cotton with absorbers.  

Neckers, IS T s Annual Conf., Final Prog. Proc., 1996,49th, 494. 

Wang and H. Hu, Ganguang Kexue Yu Guang Huaxue, 1997,15, 7. 

Catalina, T. Corrales, M. Blanco-Pina and A. Green, J. Photochem. Photobiol, Chem. Ed., 1997,10, 183. 

A review has appeared on the photodegradation of dyes and another article on carbon black technology. Of particular interest is the observation that zinc l-hydroxy-2-naphthoate photoprotects photochromic dyes as does a UV absorber for azo dyed silk.  

Wang and G. Qi, Fushe Yanjiu Yu Fusche Gongyi Xuebao, 1998,16,185. 

Corrales, M. Edge, F. Catalina, C. Peinado, M. Blanco-Pinar and A. Green, Polymer, 1998,39, 903. 

Andrzejewska, L. Linden and J. F. Rabek, Macromol Chem. Phys., 1998,199, 441. 

Karatsu, S. Taka, T. Yamaoka and K. Tokumaru, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans., 1998, 2233. 

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Leaver I.H., Photochemistry of dyed and pigmented polymers Normans. Allen, Photooxidation and Photoreduction of dyes in ploymers, Applied Science Publishers Ltd, England, p. 161 —p.239. (1980)... 

Leaver IH (1980) In Allen NS, McKellar JF (eds) Photochemistry of dyed and pigmented polymers. Applied Science, London, p 161... 

N. S. Allen and J. F. McKellar, Photochemistry of Dyed and Pigmented Polymers , Applied Science Publishers, London, 1980 J. F. Rabek, Mechanisms of Photophysical Processes and Photochemical Reactions in Polymers Theory and Applications , Wiley, Chichester, 1987. 

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