Photochemical reactor cylindrical

Figure 11. Relative irradiance along the diameter of a cylindrical photochemical reactor surrounded with many tubular light sources transmittance (T) of the reaction mixture through 1 cm (1) T = 0.7 (2) T = 0.65 [2, 3, 52],...

Cylindrical photochemical reactors placed in coaxial radiation fields are often used for carrying out photochlorination reactions, but their most important application remains in the area of water sterilization [52-54],... 

Figure 15. Cross section along the plane perpendicular to the axis of a photochemical reactor using (a) an annular excimer lamp of coaxial (positive) irradiation geometry and (b) of a combination of cylindrical and annular excimer lamps (see also [60],...

Incidence Models. First attempts to describe the radiant power distribution in photochemical reactors can be summarized under the heading of the RI model (radial incident model, Figure 25a). This model is based on the hypothesis of a radial radiation field [2, 3], that is, that all the light striking the reactor wall will be directed radially inward. Corresponding profiles of radiant power or of irradiance are strongly dependent on the radius of the cylindrical reactor (Eq. 68). 

Within the general concept of the ESVE models, Alfano et al. conceived a model for the radiant power profile of a tubular light source located in the focal axis of a parabolic reflector in order to analyze the design of a cylindrical photochemical reactor irradiated from the bottom [118]. Differences between experimental and calculated (ESVE) results were always less than 15%. 

Photolysis is conducted in a Rayonet photochemical reactor consisting of 16 tabular UV lamps mounted around the inner surface of a polished cylindrical reflector, air cooled by a fan. The vessel to be irradiated (Vycor 7912 or quartz glass) is suspended in the center of the cylinder along its axis. Low pressure mercury lamps are used, 84% of whose emission (12,800 w/ cm2) is of 2537 A. For irradiation below r.t. the reaction vessel is immersed in a cooling bath and a low pressure mercury lamp (Westinghouse G 10T5 1/2 H) is placed in a vacuum-jacketed well in the center of the vessel. 

The six selected Aromatic Dyes were irradiated in 10 mL cylindrical quartz cuvettes placed in a RPR-200 Rayonet photochemical reactor under different conditions ... 

Figure 26.1 Examples of basic photochemical reactors (some adapted from Cassano et al., 1995). (a) tubular photoreactor inside a cylindrical reflector of elliptical cross section (b) annular photoreactor (c) film-type photoreactor (d) single-lamp multitube continuous photoreactor (e) perfectly-mixed semibatch cylindrical photoreactor irradiated from the bottom by a tubular source and a parabolic reflector...

The photochemically-initiated polymerization of vinyl fluoride has also been carried out in a continuous-flow, cylindrical reactor at pressures up to 30 atm (30 Pa). The polymers produced by this method had a higher proportion of a head-to-tail arrangement than commercial polymer [21]. 

The photochemically initiated polymerization and copolymerization of VF were also carried out in a continuous flow cylindrical reactor at room temperature and under pressures of up to 30x10 Pa in order to achieve higher yields and to control the polymerization conditions [483]. From F-NMR analysis it turned out that the homopolymers prepared with the help of UV light were of higher regularity and contained less head-to-head addition than commercial PVF prepared at high temperatures. 

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