Photoactivable haptens

Similarly, many different photoactivable haptens can be synthesized. Keller et al. (1989) prepared a 2,4-dinitrophenyl (DNP)-linker-aryl azide compound by a simple method from commercially... 

With photoallergic reactions, cytopathologic events are believed to be even more complex than with direct phototoxicity. Although many mechanistic features remain obscure, fundamental concepts include the photoactivation of endogenous or xeno-biotic haptens so that they combine with cellular proteins and form a complete antigen. Subsequent immunologic reactions, especially cell-mediated hypersensitivity, complete the sensitivity process. 

Activity Many F. induce a brown pigmentation in the skin on exposure to sunlight. They are photosensitizing, phototoxic, and can induce allergic dermatitis (Berloque s dermatitis), possibly with severe symptoms such as blister formation. The effect can also arise when, for example, scented toilet waters whose plant components still contain F. are applied to the skin. Use In photochemotherapy for vitiligo, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, mycosis togoides. Photoactivated F. bind covalently as haptens to proteins as well as pyrimidines of DNA and thus have antimitotic effects. For synthesis, see Lit.. ... 

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