Phosphatase-based signal amplification

Enzyme-labeled fluorescence (ELF) Various phosphate-labeled fluorescent dyes, ELF 97 Uses phosphatase-based signal amplification. Applicable to immunohisto-chemical and cytological staining, mRNA in situ hybridization, detection of endogenous phosphatase activity, and blot analyses. 34... [Pg.613]

Enzyme-Labeled Fluorescence (ELF) Phosphatase-based signal amplification assay also applicable to nucleic acid labeling (see description under proteins) 43... [Pg.616]

Electrochemical biosensors have been divided into two basic types enzyme-based sensor and electrochemical probe-based sensor. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and horse radish peroxidase (HRP) have been often employed for enzyme-based biosensors using p-nitrophenyl phosphate (PNP), a-naphtyl phosphate, 3-3, 5,5 -tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) and 2,2 -azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) as substrates of electrochemically active species, and ferrocene (Fc) and methylene blue as the electrochemical mediators. In general, enzymatic amplification of electrochemical signals enables highly sensitive detection of analytes. On the other hand, a direct detection of analytes by using electrochemical probes allows a more rapid time-response onto the detector surface and needs no enzymatic reaction. Based on the reason, a direct detection of analytes by using electrochemical probes has been... [Pg.151]

The ABC detection system has been shown to be more sensitive than most other detection system (5, 6), primarily because of the large size of the preformed ABC complexes, which result in amplification of the signals. Alternative detection systems for immunohis-tochemical analysis include the peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) (1) and the alkaline phosphatase-antialkaline phosphatase(APAAP) systems (7) (see Chapter 24). More recently, newer commercially available polymer-based detection systems have been developed that combine the secondary antibody and detection enzyme into a single reagent. Polymer-based detection systems overcome problems that may occur with biotin-link based systems, have excellent sensitivity, and can be applied to frozen section immunohistochemistry. Polymer-based detection systems are discussed in other chapters of the manual. (XREF). [Pg.272]