Phenological

When an airborne toxic chemical is introduced into a plant conmiunity, some plants will be more affected than others depending on individual tolerances endowed by their genotype, as well as on their phenology, and various modifying microclimatic variables. The sensitive plants or species that are no longer able to compete adequately with the tolerant plants or species will be partially or completely replaced. Some scientists propose that the widespread... 

Winder M, Schindler DE (2004) Climatic effects on the phenology of lake processes. Global Change Biol 10 1844-1856... 

Grime, J.P., Shacklock, J.M.L. Band, S.R. (1985). Nuclear DNA contents, shoot phenology and species coexistence in a limestone grassland community. New Phytologist, 100, 435-45. 

Katz, B. A., and H. Leith. Seasonality of decomposers, pp. 163-184. In H. Leith, Ed. Phenology and Seasonality Modeling (Ecological Studies Analysis and Synthesis, Vol. 8). New Yoilc Springer-Verlag, 1974. 

Coffinan WP (1973) Energy flow in a woodland stream ecosystem II The taxonomic composition and phenology of the Chironomidae as determined by the collection of pupal exuviae. Arch Hydrobiol 71 281... 

Aniszewski, T., Drozdov, S. N., Kholoptseva, E. S. and Mihkiev, A. I. 1996. Botanical characteristics and phenological development of Galega orientalis Lam. in the primeval forest zone of eastern Fennoscandia. Aquilo Seria Botanica, 36 21-26. 

Givnish, T.J., Leaf mottling relation to growth form and leaf phenology and possible role as camouflage, Eunct. Ecol, 4, 463, 1990. 

These fluctuations observed in the months described in Table 1 may be related to the chemical ecology of Eugenia florida as, for example, the attraction of pollinators or the reproductive phenology of the specimens... 

Taylor, F.G. Jr. "Phenology and Seasonality Modeling", Helmut Lleth (Ed), Sprlnger-Verlag, N.Y., Heidelberg Berlin, 1974, p.237. 

Phenological Synchronization. Induced delays in budbreak in balsam fir reduce feeding by the spruce budworm, and defoliation and desquaring in cotton depress overwintering success of several major cotton pests. Table IV presents a summary of the work on these two systems. 

TABLE IV. Growth Regulators Used in Induced Phenological Asynchronization. 

Figure 1. Phenological synchronization of cotton boll opening and diapause of boll weevils and bolhvorms (38).

Yeargan, . V. (1988). Ecology of a bolas spider, Mastophora hutchinsoni phenology, hunting tactics, and evidence of aggressive chemical mimicry. Oecologia (Berlin) 74 524-530. 

Woodhead, A.D. (1979). Senescence in fishes. In Fish Phenology. Anabolic Adaptivness in Teleosts , Symposia of the Zoological Society of London 44, 179-205. 

Wootton, R.J. (1979). Energy costs of egg production and environmental determinants of fecundity in teleost fishes. In Fish Phenology, Anabolic Adaptivity in Teleosts (PJ. Miller, ed.), pp. 133-159, Academic Press, London. 

Putwain, P.D., K.R. Scott, and R.J. Holliday (1982). The nature of resistance to triazine herbicides Case histories of phenology and population studies. In H.M. LeBaron and J. Gressel, eds., Herbicide Resistance in Plants. NY, NY John Wiley Sons, pp. 99-115. 

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