Pharmacoepidemiologi

Goldberg Arnold R, Kaniecki D, Tak Piech C, et al. An economic evaluation of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors for cholesterol reduction in the primary prevention of coronary heart disease. 11th International Conference on Pharmacoepidemiology. Montreal, Quebec, Canada, 1995. 

Hebert C, Delaney JA, Hemmelgarn B et al. (2007) Benzodiazepines and elderly drivers a comparison of pharmacoepidemiological study designs. Pharmacoepidemiol Drag Saf 16(8) 845-849 Hemmeter U, Muller M, Bischof R et al. (2000) Effect of zopiclone and temazepam on sleep EEG parameters, psychomotor and memory functions in healthy elderly volunteers. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 147(4) 384-396... 

Launching the European Network of Centres for Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacovigilance (ENCePP) project to monitor the conduct of multicenter postauthorization safety studies... 

All drugs will pose some degree of risk, and completed clinical trials are the primary source of information in this subject. Clinical trials do, of course, have limitations. The principal one concerns the everpresent problem of sample size. Rare side effects, if they exist, cannot generally be detected in clinical trials involving limited numbers of patients. Adverse drug reports and case-reports provide early clues to such effects so-called pharmacoepidemiology studies may be mounted to evaluate such risks. 

There is little doubt, on the one hand, that case-control studies have a valuable place in pharmacoepidemiology, and therefore in the evaluation of drug safety. There is also little doubt that without minute attention to detail and, possibly, a little luck, the method may be unreliable or even completely misleading. A list of... 

Methodology and Statistics at least two representatives. Experience in small population methodology and pharmacoepidemiology... 

Jones JK, Idanpaan-HeikkUa, JE. Adverse Reactions, Postmarketing Surveillance and Pharmacoepidemiology. In Burley DM, Qarke JM, Lasagna L, Edward Arnold, eds. Pharmaceutical Medicine. A Division of Hodder Stoughton Publishers, 1993 145-80. 

Mjorndal, T, Danell Boman, M., Hagg, S., Backstrom, M., Wiholm, B.-E., Wahlin, A. and Dahlqvist, R. (2002) Adverse drug reactions as a cause for admission to a department of internal medicine. Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety, 11, 65-72. 

Kaplowitz, N. (2006) Rules and laws of drug hepatotoxicity. Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety, 15,231—233. 

Addis, A., and N. Magrini. 2002. New Approaches to Analysing Prescription Data and Transfer Pharmacoepidemiological and Evidence-Based Reports to Prescribers. Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety 11 721-726. 

IV. Study designs and data sources available for pharmacoepidemiology studies. 31... 

V. Selected applications of pharmacoepidemiology in regard to drug evaluation ... 

Pharmacoepidemiology is traditionally defined as the discipline concerned with the study of the use and effects of drugs in large numbers of people. It applies epidemiologic methods, knowledge, and reasoning to the subject of clinical pharmacology and... 

The field of pharmacoepidemiology has expanded enormously since the publication of the last edition... 

Recent decades have also witnessed the additional contributions of pharmacoepidemiology to the smdy of beneficial drug effects, the economic impact of drug use and effects, quality-of-life studies, and meta-analysis. Findings from such work have undoubtedly helped to promote the rational use of drugs that lead to a better quality of health care. 

IV. STUDY DESIGNS AND DATA SOURCES AVAILABLE FOR PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY STUDIES... 

V. SELECTED APPLICATIONS OF PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY EM REGARD TO DRUG EVALUATION ... 

As the ultimate goal of pharmacoepidemiology is to improve the rational use of drugs, the applications of the field to achieve that goal are quite broad. Here, we divide the applications into four major areas for improving the rational use of dmgs efficacy, safety, cost-effectiveness, and drug utilization. 

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