Pharmaceuticals parenteral dosage forms

Uses Solubilizer, solvent, emulsifier for pharmaceutical parenteral dosage forms, specially for sensitive active ingredients Features Extra pure grade Regulatory USP/NF, EP... 

Broadhead, J., Parenteral dosage forms, in Pharmaceutical Preformulation and Formulation, Gibson, M., Ed., Interpharm/CRC Press, New York, 2004. 

Nema S, Brendel RJ, Washkuln RJ. Excipients—their role in parenteral dosage forms. In Swarbrick J, Boylan JC, eds. Encyclopedia of Pharmaceutical Technology. 2nd ed. New York Marcel Dekker, Inc., 2002 1164. 

V. H. L. Lee and J. R. Robinson. Methods to achieve sustained drug delivery The physical approach Oral and parenteral dosage forms, in J. R. Robinson (ed.), Drugs and the Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vol. 6 Sustained and Controlled Release Drug Delivery Systems, 3d ed. New York Marcel Dekker, 1978, pp. 123—173. 

Pharmaceutical Enzymes, edited by Albert Lauwers and Simon Scharpe 85. Development of Biopharmaceutical Parenteral Dosage Forms, edited by John A. Bontempo 86. Pharmaceutical Project Management, edited by Tony Kennedy... 

Excipients Parenteral Dosage Forms and Their Role Table 11 Official Japanese pharmaceutical excipients (Continued) 1637... 

During the preformulation and formulation stages of a parenteral dosage form, the physicochemical properties and excipient compatibility of the pharmaceutical active ingredient (API) should be thoroughly evaluated. The test method requirements are similar to those for oral dosage forms. 

It was proved that the derivative spectrophotometry can be recommended as a method for routine control analysis of pharmaceutical preparation of p-lactam antibiotics. Derivative spectrophotometry ensured the rapid analysis of parenteral dosage forms and also removed a "background" excipients in oral pharmaceutical dosage forms. 

When a new pharmaceutical compound is developed, its molecular structure is generally known before the liquid state characterization began. Oral forms can be self administered by the patient, because of that they are more profitable to manufacture than the parenteral dosage forms. Compared to other oral dosage forms, tablets are the manufacturer s form of choice because of their relatively low cost in manufacture, package and shipment also increased stabihty and virtual tamper resistance [1]. This makes important the sohd-state characterization of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API). 

Biotechnology of Antibiotics Second Edition, Revised and Expanded, edited by William R Strohl 83. Mechanisms of Transdermal Dmg Delivery, edited by Russell 0. Potts and Richard H. Guy 84. Pharmaceutical Enzymes, edited by Albert Lauwers and Simon Scharpe 85. Development of Biopharmaceutical Parenteral Dosage Forms, edited by John A. Bontempo ADDITIONAL VOLUMES IN PREPARATION Pharmaceutical Project Management, edited by Anthony Kennedy... 

The pharmaceutical industry directs considerable effort toward maximizing the usefulness and reliability of oral dosage forms in an effort to minimize the need for parenteral administration. Factors that... 

In-depth discussions of the anatomy of the eye and adnexa have been adequately covered elsewhere in the pharmaceutical literature [13-17] and in recent texts on ocular anatomy. Here a brief overview is presented of the critical anatomical features that influence the nature and administration of ophthalmic preparations. In this discussion, consideration will be given primarily to drugs applied topically, that is, onto the cornea or conjunctiva or into the palpebral fornices. Increasingly, drugs are being developed for administration by parenteral-type dosage forms subconjunctivally, into the anterior and posterior chambers, the vitreous chamber, Tenon s capsule, or by retrobulbar injection. 

In this table, it can be recognized that there are problems inherent in these types of formulations from both the patient s and the manufacturer s point of view. This is why most pharmaceutical companies make attempts to avoid these types of dosage forms, if at all possible. However, with the advent of biotechnological products, which often do not lend them, selves to conventional dosage formulations, parenteral and invasive measures may be the only answer. 

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