Phakellia

Kalihinols G (277) and H (278) were trace components of a species of Acanthella from Guam and kalihinol X (279) was isolated from a Fijian species of Acanthella. All inhibited growth of Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans [278]. 10-Epi-isokalihinol H (280) and 15-isothiocyanato-l-epi-kalihinene (281) were isolated from Acanthella cavernosa from the Seychelles [279]. A Japanese specimen of A. cavernosa contained a sesquiterpene isothiocyanate (282) and 10 3-formamido-5p-isothiocyanatokalihinol A (283). Structures were assigned by spectral data interpretation [280]. Phakellia pulcherrima from the Philippines contained the minor diterpene isothiocyanates kalihinol L (284), 10-isothiocyanatokalihinol G (285), 10-epi-kalihinol H (286) and 10-isothiocyanatokalihinol C (287) [281]. 10-Epi-kalihinol I (288) and 5,10-bisisothiocyanatokalihinol G (289) were isolated from an Acanthella sp. from Okinawa [282]. 

Dibromophakellstatin (66) from the Indian Ocean sponge Phakellia mauritiana shows GIso-level growth inhibition of one-third of the NCI s 60 cell line human tumor panel at submicromolar concentrations [60]. 

Wolf D, Schmitz FJ (1998) New Diterpene Isonitriles from the Sponge Phakellia pulcher-rima. J Nat Prod 61 1524... 

Pettit GR, McNulty J, Herald DL, Doubek DL, Chapuis J-C, Schmidt JM, Tackett LP, Boyd MR (1997) Antineoplastic Agents. 362. Isolation and X-ray Crystal Structure of Dibromophakellstatin from the Indian Ocean Sponge Phakellia mauritiana. J Nat Prod 60 180... 

Axinellidae Acanthella Auletta Axinella Cymbastela Dragmacidon Homaxinella Phakellia Phycopsis Pseudaxinella Ptilocaulis Stylotella Teichaxinella... 

Dumdei, E. J., Flowers, A. E., Garson, M. J., and Moore, C. J., Biosynthetic evidence for transfer of secondary chemicals between the marine sponge Phakellia cavernosa (Dendy) and the dorid nudi-branch Phyllidiella pustuiosa, Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 118A, 1385, 1997. 

More recently, some closely related analogs of phakellins have been obtained. Firstly, the phakellins 43 and 44, enantiomeric to 41 and 42, respectively, were obtained from Pseudaxynissa cantharella [51] later, the 7-N-methylphakellins 45 and 46 were isolated from an Agelas sp. [72], and phakellistatin (47) from Phakellia mauritiana [73]. This last compound was reported to exhibit potent cell growth inhibitory activity against a variety of human cancer cell lines (ED50 from 0.3 to 4.0 p,M) [73]. 

Sakai, R., and Rinehart, K.L. 1995. A new polyether acid from a cold water marine sponge, a. Phakellia species. J Nat Prod 58, 773-777. 

Phakellia, Axinella, and Halichondria contain the structurally related halichondrines, e.g., halichon-drine B CjoHgsOi, Mr 1111.33, crystals, mp. 164-166 °C, [a]o - 58.9° (CH3OH), which are also cy-... 

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