Phagocytosis Polymorphonuclear

Elferink, J.G.R., M. Deierkauf, and J.V. Steveninck. 1986. Toxicity of organotin compounds for polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The effect on phagocytosis and exocytosis. Biochem. Pharmacol. 35 3727-3732. 

Deposition of urate crystals in synovial fluid results in an inflammatory process involving chemical mediators that cause vasodilation, increased vascular permeability, complement activation, and chemotactic activity for polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Phagocytosis of urate crystals by leukocytes results in rapid lysis of cells and a discharge of proteolytic enzymes into the cytoplasm. The ensuing inflammatory reaction is associated with intense joint pain, erythema, warmth, and swelling. 

Bjorksten, B., Petersen, P. K., Verhoef, J., and Quie, P. G. (1977) Limiting factors in bacterial phagocytosis by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Acta Pathol. Microbiol. Scand. Sect. C. 85, 345-349. 

Banfi, E., Cinco, M., Perticarari, S., and Presani, G. (1989) Rapid flow cytometric studies of Borrelia bungdotferi phagocytosis by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 67, 37 5. 

Szejda, P., Parce, J. W., Seeds, M. C., and Bass, D. A. (1984) Flow cytometric quantitation of oxygen product formation by polymorphonuclear leukocytes during phagocytosis. J. Immunol. 133, 3303-3307. 

The anti-helminthic agent levamisole has im-munostimulant properties. It increases chemotaxis and phagocytosis of macrophages and polymorphonuclear leukocytes and stimulates lymphocytes function. It has proved to be effective in treating RA. Its most common adverse effect is the occurrence of rashes. 

Phagocytosis rate increase. Polysaccharide fraction of the fruit, administered to adults at a concentration of 10 pg/mL, was active on polymorphonuclear leukocytes k Pharmacokinetics. Hexane extract of the fruit, administered rectally to 12 healthy male adults at a dose of 640 mg, produced bioavailability similar to that observed for the oral formulations. Extract, administered orally to healthy males at a dose of 320 mg (1 X 320 mg capsule, new formulation or 2 X 160 mg, reference preparation) for 1 month, produced a rapid absorption with a peak time (T J of 1.5-1.58 hour and peak plasma level (C J of 2.54-2.67 pg/mL. The area under the curve value ranged from 7.99 to 8.42 pg/hour/mL. The plasma concentration-time profile of both preparation was nearly identical. Both preparations can be considered as bioequivalenp Hexane ex-... 

Watson, D. L. 1976. The effect of cytophilic IgG2 on phagocytosis by polymorphonuclear leucocytes. Immunology 31, 159-165. 

Two major classes of WBCs are involved in removing invading microorganisms by a process of phagocytosis. These are polymorphonuclear leukocytes and mononuclear phagocytes, or monocytes. In tissues, monocytes differentiate into macrophages and, in the brain, into microglia... 

OTCs have severe effects on the immune systems, causing premature atrophy of thymus gland and lymphoid tissues as well as inhibition of spleen cell activity. Inhibition of phagocytosis and cytolysis of polymorphonuclear leukocytes with resultant depression of cell-mediated immune responses have also been demonstrated21-37. The influence of the thymus atrophy-inducing dibutyltin dichloride Bu2SnCl2 on the differentiation and proliferation of immature rat thymocyte subsets were studied in vivo and in vitro. The atrophy results from a depletion of small CD4+CD8+ thymocytes which is caused by a diminished production of immature CD4+CD8+ and CD4+CD8+ thymoblasts. Dibutyltin dichloride inhibits the activation, but not the differentiation of immature CD4+CD8+ thymocytes in vivo and in vitro, suggesting a selective antiproliferative activity of this compound. It also... 

After binding and phagocytosis, alveolar macrophages and monocytes release pro-inflammatory cytokines, e.g. lL-1, interferon-y and tumor necrosis factor-a (fig. 1). These cytokines activate resident cells (epithelial cells, fibroblasts) to produce chemokines such as lL-8, granulocyte-monocyte-colony-stimulating factor, RANTES (regulated on activation normal T cell expressed and secreted) that will result in a second wave of cell recruitment (mononuclear and polymorphonuclear cells). 

Sturtevant JE, Latge JP Participation of complement in the phagocytosis of the conidia of A. fumigatus by human polymorphonuclear cells. J Infect Dis 1992 166 580-586. 

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