Pfizer founding

Similarly, process chemists from Pfizer found that (-)-DIP-Cl was the optimal reagent for their process towards a candidate drug for the treatment of atrial artythmia. In this case, alternative options, such as the CBS reagent and asymmetric hydrogenation vide supra), resulted in a less clean reaction or no product at all (Scheme 14.49). 

Veterinary Products. Principal users of thiophene are the anthelmintics Pyrantel [15686-83-6] and Morantel [20574-50-9] (Pfizer) (59), based on 2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde and 3-methyl-2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde [5834-16-2], respectively. Tioconazole, one of a range of fungicidal products incorporating thiophene, has also found veterinary appHcations. 

Acids consistently display low solubility in DMSO. In our Pfizer studies we found acids to be 4 times more likely to have poor DMSO solubility of less than 5pgmL than any other functionality. The reason is that DMSO with its very electronegative oxygens is a poor solvator for any compound with partial negative or full anionic character. 

Another example is found as an 18-residue segment within the matrix protein of Mason-Pfizer monkey virus (Choi et al., 1999). 

Clemmensen, E. Ber. Dtsch. Chem. Ges. 1913, 46, 1837. Erik C. Clemmensen (1876—1941) was bom in Odense, Denmark. He received the M.S. degree from the Royal Polytechnic Institnte in Copenhagen. In 1900, Clemmensen immigrated to the United States, and worked at Parke, Davis and Company in Detroit (now part of Pfizer) as a research chemist for 14 years, where he discovered the redaction of carbonyl compounds with amalgamated zinc. Clemmensen later founded a few chemical companies and was the president of one of them, the Clemmensen Chemical Corporation in Newark, New York. 

Raman often is evaluated as an alternative to an existing high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method because of its potential to be noninvasive, fast, simple to perform, and solvent-free. Raman was compared to HPLC for the determination of ticlopidine-hydrochloride (TCL) [43], risperidone [44] in film-coated tablets, and medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) in 150-mg/mL suspensions (DepoProvera, Pfizer) [45] it was found to have numerous advantages and performance suitable to replace HPLC. In an off-line laboratory study, the relative standard deviation of the measurement of the composition of powder mixtures of two sulfonamides, sulfathiazole and sulfanilamide, was reduced from 10-20% to less than 4% by employing a reusable, easily prepared rotating sample cell [46]. 

A microorganism was found by Pfizer with the required activity, that was not inhibited by substrate or product, and that gave a high yield of easily extracted product. 

Cousins Charles Pfizer and Charles Erhardt found Pfizer in Brooklyn, New York. The company begins with several successful drugs and popular food additives. Some 150 years later, it will have become the world s largest pharmaceutical company. 

Charles Pfizer, a German chemist who founded the pharmaceutical company Pfizer in 1849. After immigrating to the United States, he and Charles Erhardt borrowed 2,500 to establish their new chemical business in Brooklyn, New York. Their first success was to make a palatable form of the drug santonin used to treat parasitic worms, a common problem in the 1800s. Over the next century and a half, the company grew into the world s largest pharmaceutical maker. 

Bromonitromethane is a key starting material for the preparation of the broad-spectrum antibiotic trovafloxacin (10), which contains the interesting 3-azabicy-clo[3.1.0]hexane ring system. Pfizer chemists found that the base-catalyzed reaction of bromonitromethane with N-benzylmaleimide efficiently assembled the key bicyclic adduct 11 in high yield and with the required exo stereochemistry [14]. The exo addition product 11 could then be converted (Scheme 11.8) to trovafloxacin (10) [15]. 

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