Pervaporation polydimethylsiloxane

S.Y. Lu, C.P. Chiu, FLY. Fluang, Pervaporation of acetic acid/water mixtures through silicate filled polydimethylsiloxane membranes, J. Membr. Sci. 176 (2002) 159-167. 

Membranes can be classified as porous and nonporous based on the structure or as flat sheet and hollow fiber based on the geometry. Membranes used in pervaporation and gas permeation are typically hydrophobic, nonporous silicone (polydimethylsiloxane or PDMS) membranes. Organic compounds in water dissolve into the membrane and get extracted, while the aqueous matrix passes unextracted. The use of mircoporous membrane (made of polypropylene, cellulose, or Teflon) in pervaporation has also been reported, but this membrane allows the passage of large quantities of water. Usually, water has to be removed before it enters the analytical instrument, except when it is used as a chemical ionization reagent gas in MS [50], It has been reported that permeation is faster across a composite membrane, which has a thin (e.g., 1 pm) siloxane film deposited on a layer of microporous polypropylene [61],... 

Schauer J, Sysel P, Marousek V, Pientka Z, Pokorny J, Bleha M (1996) Pervaporation and gas separation membranes made from polyimide/polydimethylsiloxane block copolymers. J Appl Polym Sci 61(8) 1333... 

Miyata T et al. (1996) Preparation of polydimethylsiloxane/polystyrene interpenetrating polymer network membranes and permeation of aqueous ethanol solutions through the membranes by pervaporation. J Appl Poly Sci 61(8) 1315—1324... 

Takegami S, Tujii S, and Yamada H. Pervaporation of ethanol-water mixtures using novel hydrophobic membranes containing polydimethylsiloxane. Jpn. J. Poly. Sci. Tech. 1992 49(12) 981-991. 

As a rule, permeability in glassy polymers (e.g. cellulose) is lower than in rubbery polymers (e.g. polydimethylsiloxane, PDMS) on the other hand, selectivity is dictated by the molecular dimensions of the permeating species [167]. The polymers used as membranes in analytical pervaporation are similar to those employed for gas separation and possess a dense, non-porous macroscopic structure. The difference between the two lies in the transport mechanism and arises mainly from a large affinity difference between the permeating molecules and the polymer membrane. 

A study of the pervaporation separation of ethanol/water mixtures by polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) membranes filled with phosphazene nanotubes showed selectivity favoring water over ethanol, which corresponds to the behavior of the host polymer. The nanotubes were reported to increase permeation flux and selectivity. This conclusion was further supported by the use of a TFE/phenoxy/2-allylphenoxy phosphazene host in place of PDMS. Phosphazenes also can be used as a cross-linker for traditional organic polymers to impart greater performance in the separation of water and ethanol. In this work, poly(vinyl alcohol) membranes were cross-linked with cyclotriphosphazene substituted with 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde... 

Wu Y, Huang W, Xiao Z, Zhang Y. 2004. Ethanol recovery from fermentation broth by pervaporation using a composite polydimethylsiloxane membrane. Chin. J. Chem. Eng. 12(4) 586-589. 

P. Izak, W. Ruth, Z. Fei et al.. Selective removal of acetone and butan-l-ol from water with supported ionic liquid-polydimethylsiloxane membrane by pervaporation. Chem. Engin. J. 139 (2008) 318-321. 

FIGURE 9.10 Effect of feed sulfur content on sulfur enrichment factor for binary n-heptane-sulfur mixtures. (Reprinted from Separation and Purification Technology, 63, Zhao, C., Li. J., Qi, R., Chen, J., and Luan, Z., Pervaporation separation of n-heptane/sulfur species mixtures with polydimethylsiloxane membranes, 220-225, Copyright (2008), with permission from Elsevier.)... 

Liang, L., Dickson, J.M., Zhu, Z., Jiang, J. and Brook, M.A. 2005. Removal of 1,2-dichloro-ethane from aqueous solutions with novel composite polydimethylsiloxane pervaporation membranes, 98 1477-1491. 

The efficiency of the pervaporation process is controlled mainly by the intrinsic properties of the polymers used for membrane preparation. It has been demonstrated that permeability in glassy polymers (cellulose) is lower than that in rubbery polymers (polydimethylsiloxane). Moreover, as the contribution of the solubility to the permeability dominates in nonglassy polymers, the permeability increases with increasing molecular mass of permeants. 

Garg, P., Singh, R.P., Choudhary, V. Selective polydimethylsiloxane lyimideblended IPN pervaporation membrane for methanol/toluene azeotrope separation. Sep. Purif. Teehnol. 76, 407 18 (2011)... 

Korkmaz S, Salt Y, Hasanoglu A, Ozkan S, Salt I and Dincer S (2009), Pervaporation membrane reactor study for the esterification of acetic acid and isobutanol using polydimethylsiloxane membrane , Appl Catal A-Gen, 366,102-107. 

Zhou, H., Su, Y., Chen, X., Yi, S., and Wan, Y. 2010b. Modification of silicahte-1 by vin-yltrimethoxysilane (VTMS) and preparation of silicalite-1 filled polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) hybrid pervaporation membranes. Sep. Purif. Technol. 75 286-297. 

Izak, P. Friess, K. Hynek, V. Ruth, W. Fei, Z. Dyson, J. P. Kragl, U. (2009). Separation properties of supported ionic liquid-polydimethylsiloxane membrane in pervaporation process. Desalination, 241,182-187, ISSN 0011-9164. 

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