Big Chemical Encyclopedia

Chemical substances, components, reactions, process design ...

Articles Figures Tables About

Peroxide hemolysis

Deficiency of vitamin E is characterized by low serum tocopherol levels and a positive hydrogen peroxide hemolysis test. This deficiency is believed to occur in patients with biliary, pancreatic, or intestinal disease that is characterized by excessive steatorrhea. Premature infants with a high intake of fatty acids exhibit a deficiency syndrome characterized by edema, anemia, and low tocopherol levels. This condition is reversed by giving vitamin E. [Pg.779]

Clinical manifestations of vitamin E deficiency may be seen in premature infants fed on formnlas high in polyunsaturated fatty acids (H7). In a group of 6 infants on a nonfat powdered cow s milk formula with added cottonseed oil plasma vitamin E levels decreased from 0.22 0.04 (SE) mg/100 ml at birth to 0.08 0.03 mg/100 ml at 4 weeks. Inversely, the in vitro erythrocyte sensitivity to peroxide hemolysis increased from 18 4 (SE)% at birth to 77 14 (SE)% at 4 to 5 weeks after birth. In general, the clinical symptoms were mild, consisting of edema and skin lesions which appeared at about 4 weeks of age. [Pg.276]

In a group of five infants who received the same formula plus a daily oral supplement of 100 mg of mixed tocopherols (60 mg of a-to-copWol), the plasma tocopherol rose from 0.35 0.05 (SE) mg/100 ml at birth to 0.79 0.17 (SE) mg/100 ml at 4 weeks. The susceptibihty to peroxide hemolysis remained low and constant, 10 3 (SE) at birth and 11 6 (SE) at 4 to 5 weeks. Infants in this group had no clinical symptoms suggesting tocopherol deficiency. [Pg.277]

The. animal work will be described only sufficiently to allow the reader to appreciate lietter the discussion of the human studies. When it became apparent in 19.55 that the peroxide hemolysis test was dependent not only on the tocopherol level of the blood but also upon the level of linoleic acid (and other autoxidizable components) in the stroma of the erythrocyte, animal experiments were designed to obtain more exact correlations between tocopherol needs and linoleic acid intake. This relationship between linoleic acid content of the diet and the incidence of chick encephalomalacia (Century and Horwitt, 19.58) was not recorded until later (Century et al., 19.59 Century and Horwitt, 19.59) when observation of cerebellar encephalomalacia in an infant that had been fed a commercial cottonseed oil preparation intravenously came to our attention (Horwitt and Bailey, 1959). In the meantime, there had been a number of reports to certify the relationship between linoleic acid consumption and chick encephalomalacia (Dam et al, 19.58 Machlin and Gordon, 1960). With the advent of better gas chromatographic techniques, it was soon possible to show that the linoleic acid content of the cerebellum was diet dependent (Horwitt et al., 1959 Witting et al., 1961). The marked effects of diet on the fatty acids of the mitochondria of chick brains has also been reported (Horwitt, 1981a). The levels of linoleic acid are much lower in brain tissues than in any tissue analyzed to date and this relatively low linoleic acid level may be considered a characteristic of brain tissue. The significance of this difference is not known. It is of interest to note that the current interpretations of the effect of more unsaturated fats on the production of chick encephalomalacia were anticipated by Dam in 1944. [Pg.543]

The plasma tocopherol technique used was essentially simihir to that described by Quaife and Biehler (1945) and the peroxide hemolysis method used was a modification of that reported by Rose and GySrgy (1952). The most important artifact in the peroxide hemolysis test is the varying rate at which different batches of peroxide are decomposed. This artifact does not change the rank order of the results on a given day but precautions must be taken to standardize the peroxide if results obtained at different times are to be compared. In recent years, the 2.5% peroxide solution used in the test has been aged in Pyrex glass bottles for several days before use, and this procedure has made the results more uniform from day to day. [Pg.546]

Fio. 1. Changes in plasma tocopherol ( ) and peroxide hemolysis (A) on a single representative subject from the group on the basal diet. [Pg.547]

Figure 1 shows the relationship between the peroxide hemolysis and plasma tocopherol levels in a single representative subject during 80 months on the basal diet. The results are similar to those previously reported on the group averages (Horwitt, 1960). [Pg.547]

One index of the possible requirement for tocopherol by man may be obtained by determining what amounts are needed by a depleted subject to raise the plasma tocopherol and lower the peroxide hemolysis. This problem is made difficult by the fact that any judgment of the peroxide hemolysis or level of plasma tocopherol which is made immediately after the ingestion of a-tocopherol is partially invalidated by the ability of small amounts of tocopherol to remain in the blood stream for several days after ingestion. It takes more than 4 days for a single dose of tocopherol to reach a plateau... [Pg.548]

Subject d-a-Tocopheryl Supplomenta-acotate tion period (mg/day) (days) Plasma tocopherol (mg %) Peroxide hemolysis (%)... [Pg.548]

Table IV indicates that, on the stripped corn oil diet used, a daily tocopherol supplement of more than 15 mg is required to effect a return of the peroxide hemolysis level to normal. Table IV indicates that, on the stripped corn oil diet used, a daily tocopherol supplement of more than 15 mg is required to effect a return of the peroxide hemolysis level to normal.
Subjects whose tocopherol levels were 0.28, 0.18 and 0.21 mg% and whose peroxide hemolysis levels were 71, 87, and 84%, respectively, were taken off the stripped oxidized corn oil and placed on commercial corn oil for 3 months. The slightly improved results obtained were probably largely a function of the uncleared tocopherol from the commercial corn oil remaining in the plasma at the time the sample was taken, so for the next 20 days, stripped corn oil which had not been oxidized was substituted for the commercial corn oil, during which time a significant rise in the peroxide hemolysis results were obtained. [Pg.549]

Effect of Substituting either Commercial Corn Oil (Mazola) or Stripped Corn Oil for Oxidized Stripped Corn Oil on Plasma Tocoperhol AND Peroxide Hemolysis of Depleted Subjects... [Pg.549]

In order to estimate whether there is any possible relationship of the in vitro peroxide hemolysis test with the survival rate of the erythrocytes... [Pg.550]

Some of the patients showed other biochemical, morbid anatomical and clinical evidence of tocopherol deficiency hydrogen peroxide hemolysis, creatinuria, ceroid pigmentation (Pappenheimer and Victor, 1946 Adlers-burg and Schein, 1946 Tuerdy et al., 1949 Blanc et al., 1958 Kerner and Goldbloom, 1960, Froelich et al., 1961) cerebellar lesions (Horwitt and... [Pg.574]

Richards et al. (1957), however, could find no correlation between the degree of peroxide hemolysis and the intensity of physiological jaundice in the newborn, and Goldbloom (1960) found normal red cell survival in tocopherol-deficient rats and in a 2-year-old boy with fibrocystic disease of the pancreas and persistently low serum tocopherol levels. [Pg.589]


See other pages where Peroxide hemolysis is mentioned: [Pg.143]    [Pg.276]    [Pg.541]    [Pg.542]    [Pg.546]    [Pg.546]    [Pg.547]    [Pg.547]    [Pg.36]   


SEARCH



Erythrocytes peroxide hemolysis

Hemolysis

© 2024 chempedia.info