Permissible exposure limit guidelines

OSHA sets levels of cyanide that are allowable in workplace air. The permissible exposure limit (PEL) for cyanide salts is 5 milligrams of cyanide per cubic meter of air (mg/m3) averaged over an 8-hour workday and 40-hour workweek. NIOSH sets guidelines for chemicals in workplace air. Their recommended exposure limit (REL) for workers for 10 minutes is 5 mg/m3 for calcium cyanide, hydrogen cyanide, potassium cyanide, and sodium cyanide. 

Threshold limit value (TLV) The maximum concentration of a chemical substance in air that a worker can be exposed to day after work day without suffering any harmful effects. Typically, TLVs are guidelines or recommendations rather than enforceable standards. Like permissible exposure limits (PELs), TLVs are often given as time weighted averages (TWAs) for an 8-hour work day (compare with action level and permissible exposure limit). 

Toxic materials shall be at or below the threshold limit value, permissible exposure limit, or other approved industrial hygiene guideline. 

Phosphorus is listed as a hazardous pollutant under the Clean Air Act and the Clean Water Act. Federal Drinking Water Guidelines Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 0.1[rgl (white phosphorus) Occupational Safety and Health Administration permissible exposure limit Table Z - 1 8 h time-weighted average (TWA) 0.1mgm threshold limit values 8h TWA 0.1mgm (yellow phosphorus). 

The federal government has developed regulatory standards and guidelines to protect workers from the potential health effects of other coal tar products in air. OSHA has set a Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) of 0.2 milligrams of coal tar pitch volatiles per cubic meter of air (0.2 mg/m3) in workroom air to protect workers during an 8-hour shift. 

EXPOSURE GUIDELINES ACGIH TLV TWA 10 ppm Short Term Exposure Limits (STEL) data not available Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) data not available Recommended Exposure Limit (REL) data not available IDLH data not available. 

EXPOSURE GUIDELINES Threshold Limit Value (TLV/TWA) not established Short-Term Exposure Limit (STEL) not established Short-Term Exposure Limit (STEL) not established Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) not established. 

ERPG—Emergency Response Planning Guidelines PEL—Permissible Exposure Limits TLV—Threshold Limit Value STEL—Short-Term Exposure Limit IDLH—Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health. 

Eurthermore, consider OSHA s permissible exposure limits for hazardous substances or the guidelines issued by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. Although exposure limits are established, it is not presumed that all persons will be illness-free at those levels. Thus, in some companies, say their safety directors, the intent is to achieve exposure limits considerably less than world standards. These companies have set a goal to achieve superior, world-class safety records and have recognized that to do so they must operate at exposure levels lower than the standards. However, they also recognize that even at these improved levels, some small amount of residual risk remains. 

The various standards then apply a safety factor of some magnitude to arrive at their maximum permissible exposure (MPE) guidelines. The three most relevant standards are ANSI C95.1-1982, the successor standard ANSI C95.1-1992, and NCRP-86 (adopted in 1986). Each has a safety factor of 10 times, with ANSI-82, ANSI-92 (controlled environments), and NCRP-86 (occupational) reflecting a maximum SAR of 0.4 W/kg. In certain cases, a second tier is suggested, to reflect a possible (but not demonstrated) increase in susceptibility on the part of the infirm, the aged, or the very young. The second tier safety factor in ANSI-92 and NCRP-86 is 50 times, that is, five times tighter than the controlled/occupational limit. 

THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUE Maximum airborne concentrations of substances to which nearly all workers may be exposed daily with no adverse effect. TLVs are advisory exposure guidelines, not legal standards, that are based on evidence from industrial experience, animal studies, or human data when they exist. There are three different types of TLVs TIME WEIGHTED AVERAGE (TLV-TWA), SHORT TERM EXPOSURE LIMIT (TLV-STEL), and CEILING (TLV-C). Abbreviation TLV. (See also PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE LIMIT)... 

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