Peripheral Adaptive Treg Cells

The generation of peripheral Treg cells may result in the establishment of homeostasis after its disruption. Examples include infection, autoimmune diseases, certain forms of cancers and immunodeficiency syndrome. The mechanisms by which peripheral Treg cells induce self-tolerance and homeostasis may involve cytokines or cell-cell interaction. The cytokines IL-10 and TGF-(3 and molecules such as CTLA-4 are involved in the effector mechanisms of Treg cells. The indirect effects of Treg cells may be mediated via APCs or NK cells. More specifically, the assembly of immunological synapse between APCs and effector cells is modulated by Treg cells, which may be mediated via direct or indirect mechanisms. 

CD4+ type 1 Treg (Trl) cells were initially characterized after isolation of the peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients who suffered from combined 

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