Periodic pressure wave, defined

An explosion is defined by StrelUow and Baker " as an event in wliich energy is released over a sufficiently small period of time and in a sufficiently small volmne to generate a pressure wave of finite amplitude traveling away from tlie source. Tliis energy may have been originally stored in tlie system as chemical, nuclear, electrical, or pressure energy. However, tlie release is not considered to be explosive unless it is rapid and concentrated enough to produce a pressure wave tliat can be heard. 

Pulsatile flow can be defined as flow with a periodic pressure fluctuation wave travelling along the flow path. As in a... 

Extrapolation of the hem lines to Z/N = 1 defines another recognizable periodic classification of the elements, inverse to the observed arrangement at Z/N = t. The inversion is interpreted in the sense that the wave-mechanical ground-state electronic configuration of the atoms, with sublevels / < d < p < s, is the opposite of the familiar s < p < d < f. This type of inversion is known to be effected under conditions of extremely high pressure [52]. It is inferred that such pressures occur in regions of high space-time curvature, such as the interior of massive stellar objects, a plausible site for nuclear synthesis. 

Wavelength, X (meters), is the distance between successive pressure (stress) peaks of the soimd wave, and is the spatial periodicity of the wave. Frequency and wavelength are defined for a sinusoidal, harmonic (single-frequency) sound wave. More complicated, transient sound signals can be expressed as a superposition of harmonic waves with different frequencies. 

Thus, for this extreme event, we observe the full combination of hazardous conditions (factors) responsible for the formation catastrophic oscillations inside Nagasaki Bay (1) A pronounced atmospheric disturbance (pressure jump of 2-6 hPa), (2) propagating toward the bay with (3) near-resonant phase speed of 31m/s this disturbance resonantly generated open-sea long waves with selected (over the shelf) 36 min period that matched (4) the fundamental 35-min period of the bay that has (5) high Q-factor and well-defined resonant properties. As a result, 3 cm ocean waves in the source area resulted in 478 cm waves at the head of the bay (Fig. 9.4). 

This standing wave can be mainly described by two variables, the sound pressure p and the particle velocity v. The sound pressure p is responsible for the axial positioning and arises from periodic compression and relaxation of the sample in the acoustic field. It is defined in Eq. (4.2). 

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