Performance management feedback models

Edwards MR, Even AJ. 1996. 360-Degree Feedback ThePow-erful New Model for Employee Assessment and Performance Improvement. New York American Management Association. 

They include the user as an integral part of the supply chain control system in their research test-bed. To this end, the simulation component dynamically generates live data, such as customer orders, to the ERP and SCM components. Then, the user makes decisions about the ERP and SCM systems to manage the supply chain. The system periodically gives feedback to the user and the rest of the model. Ball et al. intend to investigate both the performance of supply chain software and human decision-making. For more information about the model and how it relates to available-to-promise (ATP) decision models, refer to chapter 11. 

The balanced scorecard management system provides feedback concerning internal business processes and external outcomes. To improve performance, continuous improvement strategies are incorporated into the model. The process involves a defining the mission and goals for the organization. As with other performance improvement processes, the activities necessary to meet the goals are developed and measures indicative of that performance identified. Continual improvement is incorporated... 

Over the past decade, the importance of water management to the successful operation of PEMFCs has stimulated an extensive research focusing on the liquid water content, distribution, and transport, and its effects on the performance and durability of PEMFCs. And now, many theoretical and numerical models have been developed for the prediction and simulation of the water content, distribution, and transport within PEMFCs. However, direct experimental observations are stiU important for the water management as experimental observations can provide useful feedback for the development and validation of theoretical models and numerical simulations. 

SD is a mathematical modeling technique for framing, understanding, and managing complex feedback systems. Stocks, flows, and feedbacks are central concepts of this approach, which are used to describe the system behaviors. The approach assumes that the behaviors of infrastructure systems are the results of interrelationships among various system variables (Min et al., 2007). It is possible to use this approach to perform Cl interdependency analysis by representing a system or a system component as a node and an influence... 

---