Per -p-cyclodextrin

Fujimoto et al. [77] synthesized a novel phase by coupling a dodecylamino-substituted P-cyclodextrin (P-CD) to 3-glycidoxypropyl-derivatized silica gel. The surface coverage of this phase was reported as 0.37 xmol/m, which amounts to a surface coverage of 2.6 xmol/m for C12 chains (seven chains per fi-CD). An increase in shape selectivity was observed when compared with a conventional Cis monomeric phase as determined by selectivity differences between j9/m-terphenyl, j9/o-terphenyl, and coronene/phenanthro[3,4-c]phenanthrene solute pairs and was attributed to the localized high ligand density as constrained by the fi-CD platform structure. 

Bouquet-shaped CDs result from the grafting of 14 polymethylene chains to 3-monomethylated P-cyclodextrin, meaning seven chains on each side of the CD ring molecule [58], Per(2,6-di-(9-alkyl) CDs where the alkyl chain may be propyl, butyl, pentyl, 3-methylbutyl, or dodecyl also take part in the bouquet family [4],... 

Memisoglu, E., Charon, D., Duchene, D., and Hmcal, A. A. (1999), Synthesis of per(2,3-di-0-hexanoyl)-P-cyclodextrin and characterization amphiphilic cyclodextrins nanoparticles, in Torres-Labandeira, J., and Vila-Jato, J., Eds., Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Cyclodextrins, Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht, pp. 622-624. 

The presence of P-cyclodextrin grafts allows the formation of smaller emulsion droplets in comparison to systems formed using silicone oil. Thus, the diameters of PMHS-CD droplets were smaller than the silicone oil droplets by a factor of 2. The presence of substituents containing ester groups (20 ester groups per graft) makes the PMHS-CD polymers more polar than silicone oil. The backbone of PMHS-CD... 

The formation of hydrophilic molecular capsules by self-assembly of two cyclodextrin entities in the presence of a guest has been investigated. A system of this type was demonstrated to self-assemble from per-6-amino P-cyclodextrin (34) and per-6-thioglycolic P-cyclodextrin (35) in 50 mmol dm KCl solution at neutral pH. The structure of the resulting dimer has been investigated using a... 

Itraconazole, a weakly basic (pKa 3.7) water-insoluble antifungal drug, is solubilized to lOmg/ml using a combination of 40% hydroxypropyl-p-cyclo-dextrin (i.e., 400mg/ml) in water and pH adjustment to approximately 2 in Sporanox oral solution. The relative oral bioavailability of itraconazole from the oral solution is 149%i 68%i compared to capsules from which the oral bioavailability is 55%). Therefore, the oral bioavailability of itraconazole from the oral solution can be estimated to be 45-82%i. The dose of Sporanox oral solution is up to 20 ml once a day, which is 8.0 g of hydroxypropyl-p-cyclodextrin per dose representing the estimated maximum amount administered orally per dose. 

Hydroxypropyl-p-cyclodextrin is also a water-soluble cyclodextrin. Itraconazole is water insoluble and is solubilized in Sporanox to lOmg/ml in an aqueous pH 4.5 solution with 40% hydroxypropyl-p-cyclodextrin, and is administered by IV infusion after a two-fold dilution with saline. The dose of Sporanox is up to 20 ml, which is 8,000 mg of hydroxypropyl-p-cyclodextrin per dose, representing the estimated maximum amount administered intravenously. 

Monflier, E., Tilloy, S., Blouet, E., Barbaux, Y., Mortreux, A. Wacker oxidation of various olefins in the presence of per(2,6-di-0-methyl)-P-cyclodextrin mechanistic investigations of a multistep catalysis in a solvent-free two-phase system. J. Mol. Catal. A Chemical 1996,109, 27-35. 

We therefore proceeded to examine two polysulfated A-cyclodextrins, one with ca. 7 sulfate substitutions per molecule (B-CD-7S), and another with about 14, i.e with two thirds of the available hydroxyl groups sulfated this product is referred to as p-CD-14S, for p-cyclodextrin tetradecasulfate. 

Deallylation. Water-insoluble allyl substrates are cleaved by Pd(OAc)2 using water-soluble phosphine ligand and per(2,6-di-0-methyl)-p-cyclodextrin. 

Parrot-Lopez, H., Djedaini, F., Perly, B., et al. (1990) An approach to vectorization of pharmacologically active molecules the covalent binding of Leu-enkephalin to a modified P-cyclodextrin. Tetrahedron Lett. 31 1999-2002. 

A breakthrough in biphasic, Rh(acac)(CO)2-catalyzed hydroformylation is the use of per(2,6-di-0-methyl)-P-cyclodextrin as an inverse PTC. Highly selective reactions of terminal double bonds are observed. 

Heptakis-(2,6-di-O-ethyl)-P-cyclodextrin (DECD). Anionic heptakis [6-carboxymethylthio-6-deoxy-p-cyclodexrin] (per-COa-p-CD) was reported by Kano et al. [37] to interact stereoselectively with methyl esters of some dipeptides such as alanylanine (Ala-Ala-O-Methyl), alanylleucine... 

An abbreviated route to heptakis 2,3-anhydro-D-man/io-P-cyclodextrin has been reported, and likewise a modified route to the per 3,6-anhydro-compound via the hepta-6-iodo derivative has been reported. A paper which reports the mono-2,3-a//o-anhydride and the mono-3,6-anhydride of P-cyclodextrin also reports the 2,3 -anhydro derivative with the anhydro ring linking two adjacent sugar units. Other Japanese workers have reported the derivative 35 containing a benzylidene acetal ring also linking the same 2,3 -hydroxyl positions of the heptakis-6-O-pivaloate of P-cyclodextrin. Clearly this work opens many opportunities for making further selectively substituted compounds, and the authors... 

Widehem, R. Lacroix. T. Bricout, H. Monflier. E. Convenient cleavage of water-insoluble allylic substrates in the presence of per(2,6-di-o-methyl)-P-cyclodextrin. Synlett 2000. 722-724. 

Poly-0-(2-hydroxypropyl) Hydroxypro-pyl-P-cyclodextrin [94035-02-6] Improves solubility of drugs in plasma by clathrate formation. Powder. V. sol. H2O, EtOH spar. sol. M62CO. Md +130 (c, 1 in H2O). Props, refer to a typical prepn. contg. 8-12 CH2CH(0H)CH3 groups per cyclodextrin molecule. A higher degree of substn. can apparently be obt. 

Several physical studies have been carried out on cyclodextrin derivatives. Thus the X-ray structure of per-(6-bromo-6-deoxy-2,3-di-0-methyl)P-cyclodextrin has been examined by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The conformation deviates significantly from C symmetry. Likewise the X-ray structure of heptakis-2,3,6-tri-C>-methyl-P-cyclodextrin shows that one of the seven rings is inverted. Conformational analysis of an extensive set of per-O-substituted p-cyclodextrins reveals that several show conformational isomerism. The relevance of this to the use of cyclodextrins in molecular device design is examined. Related work undertook n.m.r. and molecular modeling studies on a-cyclodextrin in vriiich one of the units is in the 3,6-anhydro from. The work included the examination of two model disaccharide imits. ... 

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