Amphiphilic Cyclodextrin Nanoparticles

Amphiphilic Cyclodextrins Nanoparticles have been obtained spontaneously from modified CDs of amphiphilic structure since the last decade. This approach differs from the previously discussed approaches in that amphiphilic CDs do not require the presence of another polymer or macromolecule or even surfactants. 

Memisoglu, E., Charon, D., Duchene, D., and Hmcal, A. A. (1999), Synthesis of per(2,3-di-0-hexanoyl)-P-cyclodextrin and characterization amphiphilic cyclodextrins nanoparticles, in Torres-Labandeira, J., and Vila-Jato, J., Eds., Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Cyclodextrins, Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht, pp. 622-624. 

Memisoglu-Bilensoy, E., Dogan, A. L., and Hincal, A. A. (2006), Cytotoxic evaluation of injectable amphiphilic cyclodextrin nanoparticles on fibroblasts and polymorphonuclear cells Surfactant effect,/. Pharm. Pharmacol, 58(5), 585-589. 

Memi oglu-Bilensoy, E., Vural, I., Renoir, J. M., Bochot, A., Duchene, D., and Hincal, A. A. (2005), Tamoxifen citrate loaded amphiphilic P-cyclodextrin nanoparticles In vitro characterization and cytotoxicity, J. Controlled Release, 104,489-496. 

Sortino, S., Mazzagha, A., Scolaro, L. M., Merlo, F. M., Volveri, V., and Sciortino, M. T. (2006), Nanoparticles of cationic amphiphilic cyclodextrins entangling anionic porphyrins as carrier-sensitizer system in photodynamic cancer therapy, Biomaterials, 27, 4256-4265. 

Dubes, A. Parrot-Lopez, H. Abdelwahed, W. Degobert, G. Fessi, H. Shahgaldian, P. Coleman, A.W. Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy imaging of solid lipid nanoparticles derived from amphiphilic cyclodextrins. Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm 2003, 55 (3), 279-282. 

With a similar star structure, a kind of polycationic amphiphilic cyclodextrins was reported (Fig. 15b) [118]. The structure contains both cationic elements and lipophilic tails, which is similar to the lipid structure. The nanoparticle stability and transfection efficiency can be rationally modulated by judicious tailoring of the molecular topology. Importantly, by using polycationic amphiphilic CDs that present a dendritic arrangement of catioinic elements in the BNL-CL2 and COS-7... 

Qrrpanh. Y., Bilensoy, E., Qali , S., and Hincal, A. A. (2007), Development of camptothecin loaded nanoparticles from amphiphilic P-cyclodextrin derivatives, paper presented at the Pharmaceutical Sciences World Congress PSWC, Amsterdam, April, 22-25. 

The second strategy by which metal nanoparticles can be stabilized is the fixation of molecules by the particles surface atoms. The protecting molecules may consist of polymers, surfactants, or ligands, as they are known from traditional complex chemistry. The use of polymers is for their amphiphilic natiue, that is, they have not only to coordinate to the metal particle, but must simultaneously be solvated by the surrounding fluid. Gelatin, agar, cyclodextrins, cellulose acetate, and cellulose nitrate are used as well as synthetic polymers. Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) and poly(vinylalcohol) have turned out to work perfectly in this respect. 

Mei, X., Yang, S., Chen, D., Li, N., Li, H., Xu, Q Ge, J., and Lu, J. (2012) Light-triggered reversible assemblies of azobenzene-containing amphiphilic copolymer with P-cyclodextrin-modified hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles for controlled drug release. Chem, Commun., 48 (80), 10010-10012. 

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