Peptide imaging

Gustafsson J, Oehler M, McColl S, Hoffmann P (2010) Citric acid antigen retrieval (CAAR) for tryptic peptide imaging directly on archived formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue. J Proteome Res. doi 10.1021/pr9011766... 

It is clear that matrix application by the dried-droplet method is not the preferred method for (neuro)peptide imaging... 

Rogers BE, Zinn KR, Buchsbaum DJ. Gene transfer strategies for improving radio-labeled peptide imaging and therapy. Q J Nucl Med 2000 44 208-223. 

Goodwin, D. A. and C. F. Meares, 1999, Pretargeted peptide imaging and therapy. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 14 145-152. 

Use of D-amino acids in the synthesis of a hairpin loop portion from the CD4 receptor provides a stable CD4 receptor mimic, which blocks experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (144). This synthetic constmct is not simply the mirror image or enantiomer of the CD4 hairpin loop, but rather an aH-D-constmct in the reverse sequence, thus providing stereochemicaHy similar side-chain projections of the now inverted backbone (Fig. 11). This peptide mimetic, unlike its aH-L amino acid counterpart, is resistant to en2yme degradation. As one would expect, the aH-D amino acid CD4 hairpin loop, synthesi2ed in the natural direction, the enantiomer of the natural constmct, is inactive. 

FIGURE 21.24 Molecular graphic images (a) side view and (b) top view of the Fj-ATP synthase showing the individnal component peptides. The 7-snbnnit is the pink strnctnre visible in the center of view (b). 

Besides sensitive methods for the analysis of proteins, bioinformatics is one of the key components of proteome research. This includes software to monitor and quantify the separation of complex samples, e.g., to analyze 2DE images. Web-based database search engines are available to compare experimentally measured peptide masses or sequence ions of protein digests with theoretical values of peptides derived from protein sequences. Websites for database searching with mass spectrometric data may be found at http //www.expasy.ch/tools, http //prospector.ucsf. edu/ and http //www.matrixscience.com. 

Fig. 24. Parallel arranged and antiparallel arranged (Pro-Ala-Gly) (n = 8,12,16). In accordance with the peptide nomenclature in which the amino terminal end, letters with mirror image were chosen in this figure (see top right). The parallel arrangement could be depicted only in this way...

Fig. 28 AFM image of self-assembled peptide-diacetylene 2. Reproduced with permission from Jahnke et al. [70], Copyright Wiley-VCH...

Fig. 35 TEM image of peptide fibres coated with streptavidin-gold nanoparticles, (a, b) Peptides with biotin directly attached (using SAF-pl-biotin) particles are 10 nm, (c) Peptide fibre with biotinylated anti-FLAG antibody attached that was then bound to gold-labelled streptavidin particles are 5 nm. Reprinted with permission from Ryadnov and Woolfson [76]. Copyright 2004 American Chemical Society...

FIGURE 5.17 TEM micrographs of diphenylalanine peptide nanotubes self-assembled after the enzymatic cleavage, (a) TEM images of 22 prior to the enzymatic cleavage, (b and c) TEM images of 22 after the enzymatic cleavage. 

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