Pentose-phosphate pathway enzymes

Some bacteria that lack the usual aldolase produce ethanol and lactic acid in a 1 1 molar ratio via the "heterolactic fermentation." Glucose is converted to ribulose 5-phosphate via the pentose phosphate pathway enzymes. A thiamin diphosphate-dependent "phosphoketolase" cleaves xylulose 5-phosphate in the presence of inorganic phosphate to acetyl phosphate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate. 

The pentose phosphate pathway is most active in tissues involved in cholesterol and fatty acid biosynthesis. These two processes require abundant NADPH. Thus the liver, which is the site of cholesterol synthesis and a major site for fatty acid biosynthesis, and adipose (fat) tissue, where active fatty acid synthesis also occurs, have very high levels of pentose phosphate pathway enzymes. 

See also Pentose Phosphate Pathway, Enzymes of the Pentose Phosphate Pathway... 

See also Pentose Phosphate Pathway Intermediates, Lactonase, Pentose Phosphate Pathway Enzymes... 

Human Genetic Disorders Involving Pentose Phosphate Pathway Enzymes (Structure, Reaction, Reaction 2, Reaction 3)... 

Cloning and expression of thermophilic pentose phosphate pathway enzymes... 

High stoichiometric yields of hydrogen from sugars derived from renewable resources using the optimized pentose phosphate pathway enzymes... 

Isolate, clone, and express the remaining pentose phosphate pathway enzymes Demonstrate hydrogen production with thermophilic pentose phosphate pathway enzymes and compare with mesophilic counterparts... 

Genetic Control of Pentose Phosphate Pathway Enzymes in Drosophila J, C. Lucchesi, M. B. Hughes, and B. W. Geer... 

Activities of the pentose phosphate pathway enzymes glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase increase as activities of the glycolysis enzymes decline. 

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